Wiki source code of Guidelines on International Labor Migration Statistics, the 20th ICLS
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| 1 | {{box t{{{(i)}}}tle="**Contents**"}} | ||
| 2 | {{toc/}} | ||
| 3 | {{/box}} | ||
| 4 | |||
| 5 | = Preamble = | ||
| 6 | |||
| 7 | The 20th Internat{{{(i)}}}onal Conference of Labour Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}ans (ICLS), | ||
| 8 | |||
| 9 | In response to the resolut{{{(i)}}}on concern{{{(i)}}}ng further (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) on labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs adopted by the 19th Internat{{{(i)}}}onal Conference of Labour Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}ans (2013), | ||
| 10 | |||
| 11 | Recall{{{(i)}}}ng the {{{(i)}}}mpl{{{(i)}}}cat{{{(i)}}}ons of the ILO Const{{{(i)}}}tut{{{(i)}}}on (1919), the Forced Labour | ||
| 12 | |||
| 13 | Convent{{{(i)}}}on, 1930 (No. 29), the M{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on for [[Employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] Convent{{{(i)}}}on (Rev{{{(i)}}}sed), 1949 | ||
| 14 | |||
| 15 | (No. 97) and the accompany{{{(i)}}}ng M{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on for [[Employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] Recommendat{{{(i)}}}on (Rev{{{(i)}}}sed), 1949 (No. 86), the Convent{{{(i)}}}on Relat{{{(i)}}}ng to the Status of Refugees (1951) and {{{(i)}}}ts Protocol relat{{{(i)}}}ng to the Status of Refugees (1967), the M{{{(i)}}}grant Workers (Supplementary Prov{{{(i)}}}s{{{(i)}}}ons) Convent{{{(i)}}}on, 1975 (No. 143) and the accompany{{{(i)}}}ng M{{{(i)}}}grant Workers | ||
| 16 | |||
| 17 | Recommendat{{{(i)}}}on, 1975 (No. 151), the [[Employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] and Decent (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)Work(%%) for Peace and | ||
| 18 | |||
| 19 | Res{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ence Recommendat{{{(i)}}}on, 2017 (No. 205), the Internat{{{(i)}}}onal Convent{{{(i)}}}on on the Protect{{{(i)}}}on of the R{{{(i)}}}ghts of All M{{{(i)}}}grant Workers and Members of The{{{(i)}}}r Fam{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}es (1990), the Un{{{(i)}}}ted Nat{{{(i)}}}ons Convent{{{(i)}}}on aga{{{(i)}}}nst Transnat{{{(i)}}}onal Organ{{{(i)}}}zed Cr{{{(i)}}}me and the Protocols thereto (2003), the Mar{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}me Labour Convent{{{(i)}}}on, 2006, as amended, the outcomes of the Tr{{{(i)}}}part{{{(i)}}}te Meet{{{(i)}}}ng on Issues relat{{{(i)}}}ng to M{{{(i)}}}grant F{{{(i)}}}shers (2017) and relevant {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal and reg{{{(i)}}}onal {{{(i)}}}nstruments, {{{(i)}}}n part{{{(i)}}}cular the General Agreement on Trade {{{(i)}}}n Serv{{{(i)}}}ces (1995), mode 4, | ||
| 20 | |||
| 21 | Follow{{{(i)}}}ng up the resolut{{{(i)}}}on concern{{{(i)}}}ng fa{{{(i)}}}r and effect{{{(i)}}}ve labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on governance | ||
| 22 | |||
| 23 | (2017), the 2030 Agenda for Susta{{{(i)}}}nable Development adopted by the Un{{{(i)}}}ted Nat{{{(i)}}}ons General Assembly (2015) and the Report of the D{{{(i)}}}rector‐General ent{{{(i)}}}tled //Fa{{{(i)}}}r m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on: Sett{{{(i)}}}ng an ILO agenda// (2014), | ||
| 24 | |||
| 25 | Hav{{{(i)}}}ng rev{{{(i)}}}ewed the relevant texts of the Recommendat{{{(i)}}}ons on Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of Internat{{{(i)}}}onal M{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on, Rev{{{(i)}}}s{{{(i)}}}on 1 (1998), adopted by the Un{{{(i)}}}ted Nat{{{(i)}}}ons Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal | ||
| 26 | |||
| 27 | Comm{{{(i)}}}ss{{{(i)}}}on, the resolut{{{(i)}}}on concern{{{(i)}}}ng stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of ch{{{(i)}}}ld labour adopted by the 18^^th^^ | ||
| 28 | |||
| 29 | Internat{{{(i)}}}onal Conference of Labour Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}ans (ICLS) {{{(i)}}}n 2008, the Internat{{{(i)}}}onal Recommendat{{{(i)}}}ons for Tour{{{(i)}}}sm Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs 2008, the resolut{{{(i)}}}on concern{{{(i)}}}ng stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%), [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] and [[labour underut{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}zat{{{(i)}}}on>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Underut{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}zat{{{(i)}}}on.WebHome]] adopted by the 19^^th^^ ICLS {{{(i)}}}n 2013, and the Pr{{{(i)}}}nc{{{(i)}}}ples and Recommendat{{{(i)}}}ons for Populat{{{(i)}}}on and Hous{{{(i)}}}ng Censuses, Rev{{{(i)}}}s{{{(i)}}}on 3 (2017), adopted by the Un{{{(i)}}}ted Nat{{{(i)}}}ons Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal Comm{{{(i)}}}ss{{{(i)}}}on. | ||
| 30 | |||
| 31 | Recogn{{{(i)}}}z{{{(i)}}}ng that wh{{{(i)}}}le a s{{{(i)}}}gn{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}cant major{{{(i)}}}ty of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants are m{{{(i)}}}grant workers, {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on {{{(i)}}}s a broader phenomenon than what {{{(i)}}}s covered by the Recommendat{{{(i)}}}ons on Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of Internat{{{(i)}}}onal M{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on, Rev{{{(i)}}}s{{{(i)}}}on 1, that there {{{(i)}}}s, therefore, a need for {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal recommendat{{{(i)}}}ons on all aspects of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on, that the lack of comprehens{{{(i)}}}ve stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on regard{{{(i)}}}ng {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on and {{{(i)}}}ts {{{(i)}}}mpact on nat{{{(i)}}}onal development has h{{{(i)}}}ndered the effect{{{(i)}}}ve {{{(i)}}}ntegrat{{{(i)}}}on of labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on {{{(i)}}}nto nat{{{(i)}}}onal development strateg{{{(i)}}}es, and that the absence of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal standards regard{{{(i)}}}ng concepts, def{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ons and methodolog{{{(i)}}}es for the measurement of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on and m{{{(i)}}}grant workers cont{{{(i)}}}nues to be a major obstacle to the product{{{(i)}}}on of harmon{{{(i)}}}zed stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs, Recogn{{{(i)}}}z{{{(i)}}}ng that legal author{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es {{{(i)}}}n countr{{{(i)}}}es may have a mandate to regulate {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on to and from the{{{(i)}}}r terr{{{(i)}}}tor{{{(i)}}}es, and that the reg{{{(i)}}}strat{{{(i)}}}on conducted to adm{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}ster and enforce such regulat{{{(i)}}}ons may serve as a bas{{{(i)}}}s for stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs, | ||
| 32 | |||
| 33 | Acknowledg{{{(i)}}}ng the ILO r{{{(i)}}}ghts‐based approach to labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on, that the methods and measures concern{{{(i)}}}ng {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on and m{{{(i)}}}grant workers {{{(i)}}}n a g{{{(i)}}}ven country w{{{(i)}}}ll depend on the nat{{{(i)}}}onal context and pol{{{(i)}}}cy pr{{{(i)}}}or{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es and spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}c user needs, and that the{{{(i)}}}r {{{(i)}}}mplementat{{{(i)}}}on w{{{(i)}}}ll therefore, to a certa{{{(i)}}}n extent, be determ{{{(i)}}}ned by nat{{{(i)}}}onal c{{{(i)}}}rcumstances, | ||
| 34 | |||
| 35 | Endorses th{{{(i)}}}s 18^^th^^ day of October 2018 the follow{{{(i)}}}ng gu{{{(i)}}}del{{{(i)}}}nes and encourages countr{{{(i)}}}es to test the conceptual framework on wh{{{(i)}}}ch they are based. | ||
| 36 | |||
| 37 | = Object{{{(i)}}}ves and scope = | ||
| 38 | |||
| 39 | ~1. Internat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on {{{(i)}}}s a r{{{(i)}}}s{{{(i)}}}ng pol{{{(i)}}}cy pr{{{(i)}}}or{{{(i)}}}ty and there {{{(i)}}}s a need to respond equ{{{(i)}}}tably to the {{{(i)}}}nterests of countr{{{(i)}}}es of or{{{(i)}}}g{{{(i)}}}n and countr{{{(i)}}}es of dest{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on, as well as to the {{{(i)}}}nterests of m{{{(i)}}}grant workers. To be effect{{{(i)}}}ve, pol{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}es must be based on strong ev{{{(i)}}}dence, {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng the number of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}nvolved, the{{{(i)}}}r character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs and the{{{(i)}}}r [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] patterns. Internat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on may take the form of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal labour mob{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty, as temporary or short‐term movement of persons across countr{{{(i)}}}es for [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]]‐related purposes {{{(i)}}}n the context of the free movements of workers {{{(i)}}}n reg{{{(i)}}}onal econom{{{(i)}}}c commun{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es. | ||
| 40 | |||
| 41 | 2. The term //{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on// {{{(i)}}}s used {{{(i)}}}n the present gu{{{(i)}}}del{{{(i)}}}nes as a gener{{{(i)}}}c term to refer, {{{(i)}}}n general, to concepts related to the process and outcome of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on and, {{{(i)}}}n part{{{(i)}}}cular, to the follow{{{(i)}}}ng three concepts: | ||
| 42 | |||
| 43 | * (a) [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]; | ||
| 44 | * (b) for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants; | ||
| 45 | * (c) return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]. | ||
| 46 | |||
| 47 | 3. These gu{{{(i)}}}del{{{(i)}}}nes a{{{(i)}}}m at support{{{(i)}}}ng countr{{{(i)}}}es to develop the{{{(i)}}}r nat{{{(i)}}}onal stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on and at encourag{{{(i)}}}ng them to test the conceptual framework suggested {{{(i)}}}n the gu{{{(i)}}}del{{{(i)}}}nes. | ||
| 48 | |||
| 49 | 4. In general, stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on should cover the reference populat{{{(i)}}}on, compr{{{(i)}}}s{{{(i)}}}ng all persons who are usual res{{{(i)}}}dents of the country, regardless of sex, country of or{{{(i)}}}g{{{(i)}}}n or c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zensh{{{(i)}}}p (nat{{{(i)}}}onal{{{(i)}}}ty), {{{(i)}}}n l{{{(i)}}}ne w{{{(i)}}}th the Pr{{{(i)}}}nc{{{(i)}}}ples and Recommendat{{{(i)}}}ons for Populat{{{(i)}}}on and Hous{{{(i)}}}ng Censuses, Rev{{{(i)}}}s{{{(i)}}}on 3 (2017). For the purpose of these gu{{{(i)}}}del{{{(i)}}}nes, the reference populat{{{(i)}}}on also {{{(i)}}}ncludes persons who are not usual res{{{(i)}}}dents {{{(i)}}}n the country but who are, nevertheless, {{{(i)}}}n the [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] or [[potent{{{(i)}}}al labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Potent{{{(i)}}}al Labour Force.WebHome]] or any other [[forms of work>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Forms of Work.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n that country, such as front{{{(i)}}}er workers, seasonal workers, {{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}nerant workers, documented and undocumented m{{{(i)}}}grant workers, project‐t{{{(i)}}}ed workers, spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed‐[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] workers, seafarers and workers on an offshore {{{(i)}}}nstallat{{{(i)}}}on.{{footnote}}Internat{{{(i)}}}onal Convent{{{(i)}}}on on the Protect{{{(i)}}}on of the R{{{(i)}}}ghts of All M{{{(i)}}}grant Workers and Members of The{{{(i)}}}r Fam{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}es (1990), Art{{{(i)}}}cle 2.{{/footnote}} Refugees and asylum‐seekers may be members of the [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n the dest{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on country, but the{{{(i)}}}r reason for leav{{{(i)}}}ng the country of or{{{(i)}}}g{{{(i)}}}n {{{(i)}}}s purportedly to seek {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal protect{{{(i)}}}on and {{{(i)}}}s not to seek (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%). | ||
| 50 | |||
| 51 | 5. In countr{{{(i)}}}es w{{{(i)}}}th a s{{{(i)}}}gn{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}cant {{{(i)}}}nflow of short‐term or temporary m{{{(i)}}}grant workers, [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs should be supplemented, to the extent poss{{{(i)}}}ble, by {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on on the [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of non‐usual res{{{(i)}}}dents (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) {{{(i)}}}n the nat{{{(i)}}}onal terr{{{(i)}}}tory, so as to perm{{{(i)}}}t analys{{{(i)}}}s of the{{{(i)}}}r s{{{(i)}}}tuat{{{(i)}}}on and the{{{(i)}}}r {{{(i)}}}mpact on the labour market. | ||
| 52 | |||
| 53 | 6. The common concepts and def{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ons recommended {{{(i)}}}n the present gu{{{(i)}}}del{{{(i)}}}nes are coherent w{{{(i)}}}th the current {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal standards and gu{{{(i)}}}del{{{(i)}}}nes on the subject of stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) adopted by the 19^^th^^ ICLS, the Recommendat{{{(i)}}}ons on Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of Internat{{{(i)}}}onal M{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on, Rev{{{(i)}}}s{{{(i)}}}on 1 (1998), and the Pr{{{(i)}}}nc{{{(i)}}}ples and Recommendat{{{(i)}}}ons for Populat{{{(i)}}}on and Hous{{{(i)}}}ng Censuses, Rev{{{(i)}}}s{{{(i)}}}on 3 (2017). | ||
| 54 | |||
| 55 | 7. A pr{{{(i)}}}mary concern of the ILO {{{(i)}}}s to {{{(i)}}}dent{{{(i)}}}fy and measure stocks and flows of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], and on that bas{{{(i)}}}s to promote measures to protect them through a r{{{(i)}}}ghtsbased approach. It {{{(i)}}}s {{{(i)}}}mportant to promote labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on that {{{(i)}}}mproves the welfare of m{{{(i)}}}grant workers and the{{{(i)}}}r fam{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}es both {{{(i)}}}n the{{{(i)}}}r country of or{{{(i)}}}g{{{(i)}}}n and {{{(i)}}}n the{{{(i)}}}r country of dest{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on. | ||
| 56 | |||
| 57 | 8. The purpose of these gu{{{(i)}}}del{{{(i)}}}nes {{{(i)}}}s to help countr{{{(i)}}}es to develop the{{{(i)}}}r nat{{{(i)}}}onal stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal system by collect{{{(i)}}}ng comparable stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on {{{(i)}}}n order to prov{{{(i)}}}de an {{{(i)}}}mproved {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on base for the var{{{(i)}}}ous users, tak{{{(i)}}}ng account of spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}c nat{{{(i)}}}onal needs and c{{{(i)}}}rcumstances. Such a system should be des{{{(i)}}}gned to ach{{{(i)}}}eve a number of object{{{(i)}}}ves, {{{(i)}}}n part{{{(i)}}}cular to obta{{{(i)}}}n a better understand{{{(i)}}}ng of the m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on process; to assess the soc{{{(i)}}}o‐demograph{{{(i)}}}c character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs and cond{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ons of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) and the equ{{{(i)}}}table treatment of d{{{(i)}}}fferent groups of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]; and to study the relat{{{(i)}}}ve status of the d{{{(i)}}}sadvantaged groups of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] that are of spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}c pol{{{(i)}}}cy concern. | ||
| 58 | |||
| 59 | 9. To ach{{{(i)}}}eve these object{{{(i)}}}ves, the {{{(i)}}}ntegrated nat{{{(i)}}}onal stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal system should be developed {{{(i)}}}n consultat{{{(i)}}}on w{{{(i)}}}th the var{{{(i)}}}ous users of the stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs and, to the extent poss{{{(i)}}}ble, {{{(i)}}}n harmony w{{{(i)}}}th the collect{{{(i)}}}on of other econom{{{(i)}}}c, demograph{{{(i)}}}c and soc{{{(i)}}}al stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs. Cho{{{(i)}}}ces regard{{{(i)}}}ng the concepts and top{{{(i)}}}cs covered and the{{{(i)}}}r d{{{(i)}}}fferent frequenc{{{(i)}}}es of measurement and/or report{{{(i)}}}ng w{{{(i)}}}ll depend on the{{{(i)}}}r nat{{{(i)}}}onal relevance and the resources ava{{{(i)}}}lable. Each country should establ{{{(i)}}}sh an appropr{{{(i)}}}ate strategy for data collect{{{(i)}}}on and stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal report{{{(i)}}}ng that ensures the progress and susta{{{(i)}}}nab{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty of the system. | ||
| 60 | |||
| 61 | 10. In develop{{{(i)}}}ng the{{{(i)}}}r stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on, countr{{{(i)}}}es should endeavour to {{{(i)}}}ncorporate the gu{{{(i)}}}del{{{(i)}}}nes recommended below {{{(i)}}}n order to promote {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal comparab{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty and to perm{{{(i)}}}t the evaluat{{{(i)}}}on of trends and d{{{(i)}}}fferences {{{(i)}}}n the magn{{{(i)}}}tude, patterns and consequences, for countr{{{(i)}}}es and {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}duals, of the stocks and flows of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]. | ||
| 62 | |||
| 63 | = Concepts and def{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ons = | ||
| 64 | |||
| 65 | == Res{{{(i)}}}dent populat{{{(i)}}}on == | ||
| 66 | |||
| 67 | ~11. In l{{{(i)}}}ne w{{{(i)}}}th the Pr{{{(i)}}}nc{{{(i)}}}ples and Recommendat{{{(i)}}}ons for Populat{{{(i)}}}on and Hous{{{(i)}}}ng Censuses, Rev{{{(i)}}}s{{{(i)}}}on 3, the //res{{{(i)}}}dent populat{{{(i)}}}on// of a country compr{{{(i)}}}ses all persons who are //usual res{{{(i)}}}dents// of the country, regardless of sex, nat{{{(i)}}}onal or{{{(i)}}}g{{{(i)}}}n, c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zensh{{{(i)}}}p or geograph{{{(i)}}}c locat{{{(i)}}}on of the{{{(i)}}}r place of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%). Th{{{(i)}}}s {{{(i)}}}ncludes stateless persons and non‐c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zens who are usual res{{{(i)}}}dents but have no documentat{{{(i)}}}on of res{{{(i)}}}dence. It also {{{(i)}}}ncludes usual res{{{(i)}}}dents who (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) outs{{{(i)}}}de the country (e.g. front{{{(i)}}}er workers, seasonal workers, other short‐term m{{{(i)}}}grant workers, [[volunteer>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Volonteer Work.WebHome]] workers and nomads). | ||
| 68 | |||
| 69 | == Res{{{(i)}}}dent producer un{{{(i)}}}ts == | ||
| 70 | |||
| 71 | 12. In l{{{(i)}}}ne w{{{(i)}}}th the System of Nat{{{(i)}}}onal Accounts, a //res{{{(i)}}}dent producer un{{{(i)}}}t //{{{(i)}}}s an econom{{{(i)}}}c un{{{(i)}}}t whose pr{{{(i)}}}nc{{{(i)}}}pal funct{{{(i)}}}on {{{(i)}}}s the product{{{(i)}}}on of goods and serv{{{(i)}}}ces and whose centre of econom{{{(i)}}}c {{{(i)}}}nterest {{{(i)}}}s w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n the econom{{{(i)}}}c terr{{{(i)}}}tory of a g{{{(i)}}}ven country. | ||
| 72 | |||
| 73 | == Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants == | ||
| 74 | |||
| 75 | 13. //Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants// {{{(i)}}}nclude all those res{{{(i)}}}dents of a g{{{(i)}}}ven country who have ever changed the{{{(i)}}}r country of usual res{{{(i)}}}dence. For the purpose of pract{{{(i)}}}cal measurement and {{{(i)}}}n l{{{(i)}}}ne w{{{(i)}}}th Un{{{(i)}}}ted Nat{{{(i)}}}ons recommendat{{{(i)}}}ons, {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants may be measured as “all persons who are usual res{{{(i)}}}dents of that country and who are c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zens of another country (fore{{{(i)}}}gn populat{{{(i)}}}on) or whose place of b{{{(i)}}}rth {{{(i)}}}s located {{{(i)}}}n another country (fore{{{(i)}}}gnborn populat{{{(i)}}}on)”. In part{{{(i)}}}cular: | ||
| 76 | |||
| 77 | * the //fore{{{(i)}}}gn‐born populat{{{(i)}}}on// of a country {{{(i)}}}ncludes all persons who have that country as the country of the{{{(i)}}}r usual res{{{(i)}}}dence and whose place of b{{{(i)}}}rth {{{(i)}}}s located {{{(i)}}}n another country. They correspond to the stock of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants who have m{{{(i)}}}grated at least once {{{(i)}}}n the{{{(i)}}}r l{{{(i)}}}fe and currently res{{{(i)}}}de outs{{{(i)}}}de the{{{(i)}}}r country of b{{{(i)}}}rth. People born outs{{{(i)}}}de the{{{(i)}}}r country of current res{{{(i)}}}dence but who are c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zens of that country at b{{{(i)}}}rth (e.g. born abroad of nat{{{(i)}}}onal parent(s) l{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ng abroad) are somet{{{(i)}}}mes excluded from the count of fore{{{(i)}}}gn‐born populat{{{(i)}}}on. The recorded country of b{{{(i)}}}rth refers to the geograph{{{(i)}}}cal ent{{{(i)}}}ty at the t{{{(i)}}}me of data collect{{{(i)}}}on. Nat{{{(i)}}}ve born persons can be nat{{{(i)}}}onals or fore{{{(i)}}}gn c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zens or both; | ||
| 78 | * the //fore{{{(i)}}}gn populat{{{(i)}}}on of a country// {{{(i)}}}ncludes all persons who do not have c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zensh{{{(i)}}}p of the country of the{{{(i)}}}r usual res{{{(i)}}}dence. It {{{(i)}}}ncludes res{{{(i)}}}dent stateless persons. It excludes {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants who have acqu{{{(i)}}}red c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zensh{{{(i)}}}p of the{{{(i)}}}r country of usual res{{{(i)}}}dence. The fore{{{(i)}}}gn populat{{{(i)}}}on can be fore{{{(i)}}}gn‐born or nat{{{(i)}}}ve‐born. | ||
| 79 | |||
| 80 | == Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers == | ||
| 81 | |||
| 82 | 14. The concept of //[[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]// {{{(i)}}}s meant to measure the current labour attachment of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants {{{(i)}}}n a country, {{{(i)}}}rrespect{{{(i)}}}ve of the {{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}al purpose of m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on, and of others who are not usual res{{{(i)}}}dents of the country but have current labour attachment {{{(i)}}}n the country of measurement. In th{{{(i)}}}s context, the terms “[[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]” and “{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant and non‐res{{{(i)}}}dent fore{{{(i)}}}gn workers” are equ{{{(i)}}}valent. They are def{{{(i)}}}ned, for stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal purposes, as all persons of [[work{{{(i)}}}ng age>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng Age.WebHome]] present {{{(i)}}}n the country of measurement who are {{{(i)}}}n one of the follow{{{(i)}}}ng two categor{{{(i)}}}es: | ||
| 83 | |||
| 84 | * (a)// usual res{{{(i)}}}dents//: {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants who, dur{{{(i)}}}ng a spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed reference per{{{(i)}}}od, were {{{(i)}}}n the [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] of the country of the{{{(i)}}}r usual res{{{(i)}}}dence, e{{{(i)}}}ther {{{(i)}}}n [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] or {{{(i)}}}n [[unemployment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Unemployment.WebHome]]; | ||
| 85 | * (b) //not usual res{{{(i)}}}dents, or non‐res{{{(i)}}}dent fore{{{(i)}}}gn workers//: persons who, dur{{{(i)}}}ng a spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed reference per{{{(i)}}}od, were not usual res{{{(i)}}}dents of the country but were present {{{(i)}}}n the country and had labour attachment to the country, {{{(i)}}}.e., were e{{{(i)}}}ther {{{(i)}}}n [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] supply{{{(i)}}}ng labour to res{{{(i)}}}dent producer un{{{(i)}}}ts of that country or were seek{{{(i)}}}ng [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n that country. | ||
| 86 | |||
| 87 | 15. From the perspect{{{(i)}}}ve of the country of usual res{{{(i)}}}dence, category 14(b) of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] (not usual res{{{(i)}}}dents, or non‐res{{{(i)}}}dent fore{{{(i)}}}gn workers) may be called “res{{{(i)}}}dents (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) abroad”. From the perspect{{{(i)}}}ve of the country of c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zensh{{{(i)}}}p, res{{{(i)}}}dent c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zens (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) abroad and non‐res{{{(i)}}}dent c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zens (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) abroad ({{{(i)}}}n the sense of be{{{(i)}}}ng {{{(i)}}}n the [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] of the country of the{{{(i)}}}r current usual res{{{(i)}}}dence) may be called “c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zens (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) aboard”. S{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}larly, from the perspect{{{(i)}}}ve of the country of b{{{(i)}}}rth, res{{{(i)}}}dent nat{{{(i)}}}veborn persons (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) abroad and non‐res{{{(i)}}}dent nat{{{(i)}}}ve‐born persons (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) abroad may be called “nat{{{(i)}}}ve‐born persons (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) abroad”. | ||
| 88 | |||
| 89 | 16. The concepts of “[[work{{{(i)}}}ng age>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng Age.WebHome]] populat{{{(i)}}}on”, “[[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]]”, “[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]]” and “[[unemployment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Unemployment.WebHome]]” are def{{{(i)}}}ned {{{(i)}}}n l{{{(i)}}}ne w{{{(i)}}}th the latest {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal standards concern{{{(i)}}}ng stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%), [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] and [[labour underut{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}zat{{{(i)}}}on>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Underut{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}zat{{{(i)}}}on.WebHome]], as follows: | ||
| 90 | |||
| 91 | * (a) the //[[work{{{(i)}}}ng age>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng Age.WebHome]] populat{{{(i)}}}on// {{{(i)}}}s determ{{{(i)}}}ned on the bas{{{(i)}}}s of a spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed lower age l{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}t (tak{{{(i)}}}ng {{{(i)}}}nto cons{{{(i)}}}derat{{{(i)}}}on the m{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}mum age for [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] or the age of complet{{{(i)}}}on of compulsory school{{{(i)}}}ng), w{{{(i)}}}th no upper age l{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}t. Where relevant, the lower age l{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}t may be extended to separately measure the labour attachment of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant ch{{{(i)}}}ldren and of non‐res{{{(i)}}}dent ch{{{(i)}}}ldren below the [[work{{{(i)}}}ng age>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng Age.WebHome]]; | ||
| 92 | * (b) the //[[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]]// {{{(i)}}}s def{{{(i)}}}ned as persons of [[work{{{(i)}}}ng age>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng Age.WebHome]] who were e{{{(i)}}}ther {{{(i)}}}n [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] or {{{(i)}}}n [[unemployment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Unemployment.WebHome]] dur{{{(i)}}}ng the spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed reference per{{{(i)}}}od; | ||
| 93 | * (c) //[[persons {{{(i)}}}n employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Employment.WebHome]]// are def{{{(i)}}}ned as all those of [[work{{{(i)}}}ng age>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng Age.WebHome]] who, dur{{{(i)}}}ng the spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed reference per{{{(i)}}}od, were engaged {{{(i)}}}n any act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty to produce goods or prov{{{(i)}}}de serv{{{(i)}}}ces for pay or prof{{{(i)}}}t; | ||
| 94 | * (d) //[[persons {{{(i)}}}n unemployment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Unemployment.WebHome]]// are def{{{(i)}}}ned as all those of [[work{{{(i)}}}ng age>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng Age.WebHome]] who were not {{{(i)}}}n [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]], carr{{{(i)}}}ed out act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es to seek [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] dur{{{(i)}}}ng the spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed reference per{{{(i)}}}od and were currently ava{{{(i)}}}lable to take up [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] g{{{(i)}}}ven a [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] opportun{{{(i)}}}ty. | ||
| 95 | |||
| 96 | 17. Depend{{{(i)}}}ng on pol{{{(i)}}}cy object{{{(i)}}}ves, countr{{{(i)}}}es may w{{{(i)}}}sh to also {{{(i)}}}nclude among [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] persons who, dur{{{(i)}}}ng the spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed reference per{{{(i)}}}od, were {{{(i)}}}n the [[potent{{{(i)}}}al labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Potent{{{(i)}}}al Labour Force.WebHome]] or were engaged {{{(i)}}}n unpa{{{(i)}}}d [[forms of work>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Forms of Work.WebHome]], as def{{{(i)}}}ned {{{(i)}}}n the latest {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal standards on the top{{{(i)}}}cs. The extens{{{(i)}}}on of the scope of labour attachment to the [[potent{{{(i)}}}al labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Potent{{{(i)}}}al Labour Force.WebHome]] may be part{{{(i)}}}cularly relevant {{{(i)}}}n cases where some {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants are not allowed to (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) for pay or prof{{{(i)}}}t or are subject to restr{{{(i)}}}ct{{{(i)}}}ons l{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ng the type or locat{{{(i)}}}on of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%). For the purpose of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal compar{{{(i)}}}sons, data on d{{{(i)}}}fferent categor{{{(i)}}}es of labour attachment and d{{{(i)}}}fferent [[forms of work>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Forms of Work.WebHome]] of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] should be presented separately. | ||
| 97 | |||
| 98 | 18. The spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed reference per{{{(i)}}}od should, {{{(i)}}}n pr{{{(i)}}}nc{{{(i)}}}ple, be short, such as seven days or one week. The measurement of d{{{(i)}}}fferent [[forms of work>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Forms of Work.WebHome]] may, however, use d{{{(i)}}}fferent lengths of t{{{(i)}}}me around the reference per{{{(i)}}}od, such as four weeks or a calendar month for own‐use product{{{(i)}}}on of goods, unpa{{{(i)}}}d tra{{{(i)}}}nee (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) and [[volunteer work>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Volunteer Work.WebHome]], and one or more 24‐hour days w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n a seven‐day or one‐week per{{{(i)}}}od for own‐use prov{{{(i)}}}s{{{(i)}}}on of serv{{{(i)}}}ces. | ||
| 99 | |||
| 100 | 19. The ma{{{(i)}}}n elements of the measurement of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] are presented {{{(i)}}}n the d{{{(i)}}}agram below. | ||
| 101 | |||
| 102 | [[{{{(i)}}}mage:1750318794458-654.png]] | ||
| 103 | |||
| 104 | 20. The follow{{{(i)}}}ng categor{{{(i)}}}es of workers are {{{(i)}}}ncluded as [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]. The categor{{{(i)}}}es are not exhaust{{{(i)}}}ve and mutually exclus{{{(i)}}}ve, and are not meant to be measured separately {{{(i)}}}n all c{{{(i)}}}rcumstances. The l{{{(i)}}}st {{{(i)}}}s meant to {{{(i)}}}llustrate the part{{{(i)}}}cular categor{{{(i)}}}es of workers that are {{{(i)}}}ncluded w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n the scope of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]: | ||
| 105 | |||
| 106 | * (a) front{{{(i)}}}er workers, who are not usual res{{{(i)}}}dents of the country of measurement but have been granted perm{{{(i)}}}ss{{{(i)}}}on to be [[employed>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Employment.WebHome]] on a cont{{{(i)}}}nuous bas{{{(i)}}}s {{{(i)}}}n that country prov{{{(i)}}}ded they depart at regular and short {{{(i)}}}ntervals (da{{{(i)}}}ly or weekly) from the country; | ||
| 107 | * (b) seasonal workers, who are not usual res{{{(i)}}}dents of the country of [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]], whose (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) by {{{(i)}}}ts character {{{(i)}}}s dependent on seasonal cond{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ons and {{{(i)}}}s performed dur{{{(i)}}}ng part of the year; | ||
| 108 | * (c) {{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}nerant workers, who are not usual res{{{(i)}}}dents of the country of measurement but travel to the country for short per{{{(i)}}}ods for (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%)‐related reasons; | ||
| 109 | * (d) project‐t{{{(i)}}}ed workers, who are adm{{{(i)}}}tted to the country of [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] for a def{{{(i)}}}ned per{{{(i)}}}od of [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] solely on a spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}c project be{{{(i)}}}ng carr{{{(i)}}}ed out {{{(i)}}}n that country by the{{{(i)}}}r employer; | ||
| 110 | * (e) spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed‐[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] workers, who have been sent by the{{{(i)}}}r employer, such as a mult{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}onal enterpr{{{(i)}}}se, for a restr{{{(i)}}}cted and def{{{(i)}}}ned per{{{(i)}}}od of t{{{(i)}}}me to the country of [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] to undertake a spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}c ass{{{(i)}}}gnment or duty, or to undertake (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) that requ{{{(i)}}}res profess{{{(i)}}}onal, commerc{{{(i)}}}al, techn{{{(i)}}}cal or other h{{{(i)}}}ghly spec{{{(i)}}}al{{{(i)}}}zed sk{{{(i)}}}lls or (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) that {{{(i)}}}s trans{{{(i)}}}tory or br{{{(i)}}}ef, and who are requ{{{(i)}}}red to depart from the country of [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] e{{{(i)}}}ther at the exp{{{(i)}}}rat{{{(i)}}}on of the{{{(i)}}}r author{{{(i)}}}zed per{{{(i)}}}od of stay or earl{{{(i)}}}er {{{(i)}}}f they no longer undertake that spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed ass{{{(i)}}}gnment or duty or engage {{{(i)}}}n that (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%); | ||
| 111 | * (f) self‐[[employed>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Employment.WebHome]] workers, who are engaged {{{(i)}}}n a remunerated act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty otherw{{{(i)}}}se than under a contract of [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] and who earn the{{{(i)}}}r l{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ng through the{{{(i)}}}r act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty normally (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) alone or together w{{{(i)}}}th members of the{{{(i)}}}r fam{{{(i)}}}ly, also {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng any other m{{{(i)}}}grant worker recogn{{{(i)}}}zed as self‐[[employed>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Employment.WebHome]] by appl{{{(i)}}}cable leg{{{(i)}}}slat{{{(i)}}}on of the country of [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] or b{{{(i)}}}lateral or mult{{{(i)}}}lateral agreements; | ||
| 112 | * (g) seafarers, {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng f{{{(i)}}}shermen [[employed>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Employment.WebHome]] on a vessel wh{{{(i)}}}ch {{{(i)}}}s reg{{{(i)}}}stered {{{(i)}}}n the country of measurement, of wh{{{(i)}}}ch the workers are not nat{{{(i)}}}onals; | ||
| 113 | * (h) workers [[employed>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Employment.WebHome]] on an offshore {{{(i)}}}nstallat{{{(i)}}}on that {{{(i)}}}s under the jur{{{(i)}}}sd{{{(i)}}}ct{{{(i)}}}on of the country of measurement, of wh{{{(i)}}}ch the workers are not nat{{{(i)}}}onals; | ||
| 114 | * ({{{(i)}}} ) fore{{{(i)}}}gn domest{{{(i)}}}c workers engaged by res{{{(i)}}}dent employers; | ||
| 115 | * (j) fore{{{(i)}}}gn students who entered the country on the declared purpose of study{{{(i)}}}ng but then were (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) or seek{{{(i)}}}ng (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) or comb{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}ng (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) and study; | ||
| 116 | * (k) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal travellers on tour{{{(i)}}}sm tr{{{(i)}}}ps whose ma{{{(i)}}}n purpose {{{(i)}}}s to be [[employed>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Employment.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n the country of v{{{(i)}}}s{{{(i)}}}t and rece{{{(i)}}}ve compensat{{{(i)}}}on for the labour {{{(i)}}}nput prov{{{(i)}}}ded; | ||
| 117 | * (l) (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) or seek{{{(i)}}}ng (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) refugees and asylum‐seekers, {{{(i)}}}rrespect{{{(i)}}}ve of author{{{(i)}}}zat{{{(i)}}}on to (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) dur{{{(i)}}}ng process{{{(i)}}}ng of refugee status or sanctuary request; | ||
| 118 | * (m) forc{{{(i)}}}bly d{{{(i)}}}splaced persons across borders due to natural or human‐made d{{{(i)}}}sasters, (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) or seek{{{(i)}}}ng (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}n the country of d{{{(i)}}}splacement; | ||
| 119 | * persons traff{{{(i)}}}cked across {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal borders for forced labour or labour explo{{{(i)}}}tat{{{(i)}}}on. | ||
| 120 | |||
| 121 | 21. //Excluded// as [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] are: | ||
| 122 | |||
| 123 | * (a) fore{{{(i)}}}gn m{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}tary and d{{{(i)}}}plomat{{{(i)}}}c personnel; | ||
| 124 | * (b) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal travellers on tour{{{(i)}}}sm tr{{{(i)}}}ps undertak{{{(i)}}}ng (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}n the country of v{{{(i)}}}s{{{(i)}}}t that {{{(i)}}}s {{{(i)}}}nc{{{(i)}}}dental to the tr{{{(i)}}}p ({{{(i)}}}.e. not {{{(i)}}}ts ma{{{(i)}}}n purpose); | ||
| 125 | * (c) staff of call centres {{{(i)}}}n non‐res{{{(i)}}}dent product{{{(i)}}}on un{{{(i)}}}ts and others prov{{{(i)}}}d{{{(i)}}}ng serv{{{(i)}}}ces from a fore{{{(i)}}}gn locat{{{(i)}}}on. | ||
| 126 | |||
| 127 | == For‐work {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants == | ||
| 128 | |||
| 129 | 22. The concept of //for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants// {{{(i)}}}s {{{(i)}}}ntended to measure the movements of persons from one country to another for the purpose of undertak{{{(i)}}}ng or seek{{{(i)}}}ng (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%). For stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal purposes, for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants are all {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants as def{{{(i)}}}ned {{{(i)}}}n paragraph 14 above cover{{{(i)}}}ng category 14(a) (usual res{{{(i)}}}dents) as well as category 14(b) (not usual res{{{(i)}}}dents), who entered the country of measurement dur{{{(i)}}}ng a spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}c reference per{{{(i)}}}od for the purpose of undertak{{{(i)}}}ng or seek{{{(i)}}}ng [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] and whose {{{(i)}}}ntent{{{(i)}}}on was documented or declared at the t{{{(i)}}}me of entry to the country. In part{{{(i)}}}cular: | ||
| 130 | |||
| 131 | * (a) the spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed reference per{{{(i)}}}od for the measurement of for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants should be long, such as the prev{{{(i)}}}ous 12 months or the prev{{{(i)}}}ous calendar year; | ||
| 132 | * (b) for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants are d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ngu{{{(i)}}}shed from other {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants who enter the country pr{{{(i)}}}mar{{{(i)}}}ly for reasons not related to undertak{{{(i)}}}ng or seek{{{(i)}}}ng [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]]. In both cases, the d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}nct{{{(i)}}}on refers to the t{{{(i)}}}me of entry and not to the current s{{{(i)}}}tuat{{{(i)}}}on of the person; | ||
| 133 | * (c) the term “undertak{{{(i)}}}ng or seek{{{(i)}}}ng [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]]” {{{(i)}}}s understood to mean engag{{{(i)}}}ng {{{(i)}}}n [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] or seek{{{(i)}}}ng and be{{{(i)}}}ng ava{{{(i)}}}lable for [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]], {{{(i)}}}n l{{{(i)}}}ne w{{{(i)}}}th the def{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ons of [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]], [[unemployment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Unemployment.WebHome]] and [[potent{{{(i)}}}al labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Potent{{{(i)}}}al Labour Force.WebHome]] of 19th ICLS Resolut{{{(i)}}}on I. Undertak{{{(i)}}}ng or seek{{{(i)}}}ng [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] may not be the only reason or the ma{{{(i)}}}n reason for entry {{{(i)}}}n the country. It suff{{{(i)}}}ces for {{{(i)}}}t to be one of the documented or declared reasons. Where relevant and feas{{{(i)}}}ble, countr{{{(i)}}}es may w{{{(i)}}}sh to extend the measurement to a broader concept of “undertak{{{(i)}}}ng or seek{{{(i)}}}ng (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%)” that would {{{(i)}}}nclude [[forms of work>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Forms of Work.WebHome]] other than [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]], such as “unpa{{{(i)}}}d tra{{{(i)}}}nee (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%)”, “[[volunteer work>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Volunteer Work.WebHome]]” or “own‐use product{{{(i)}}}on (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%)”; | ||
| 134 | * (d) the term “documented or declared” {{{(i)}}}s understood to mean documented {{{(i)}}}n off{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}al {{{(i)}}}mm{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on reg{{{(i)}}}sters or declared to relevant {{{(i)}}}mm{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on author{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es. | ||
| 135 | |||
| 136 | == Return {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers == | ||
| 137 | |||
| 138 | 23. The concept of //return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]// {{{(i)}}}s {{{(i)}}}ntended to prov{{{(i)}}}de a bas{{{(i)}}}s for measur{{{(i)}}}ng the (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) exper{{{(i)}}}ence of persons return{{{(i)}}}ng after be{{{(i)}}}ng [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] abroad. For the country of measurement, return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] are def{{{(i)}}}ned as all current res{{{(i)}}}dents of the country who were prev{{{(i)}}}ously [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n another country or countr{{{(i)}}}es. In part{{{(i)}}}cular: | ||
| 139 | |||
| 140 | * (a) the measurement of return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] does not depend on the current [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] status of persons {{{(i)}}}n the country of current res{{{(i)}}}dence. Return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] may {{{(i)}}}nclude persons currently outs{{{(i)}}}de the [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] or outs{{{(i)}}}de the [[potent{{{(i)}}}al labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Potent{{{(i)}}}al Labour Force.WebHome]], or persons no longer engaged {{{(i)}}}n any [[form of work>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Forms of Work.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n the country of current res{{{(i)}}}dence; | ||
| 141 | * (b) return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}nclude those current res{{{(i)}}}dents of the country of measurement who were (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) aboard w{{{(i)}}}thout be{{{(i)}}}ng usual res{{{(i)}}}dents of the country (c) {{{(i)}}}n wh{{{(i)}}}ch they (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) (correspond{{{(i)}}}ng to category 14(b) (not usual res{{{(i)}}}dents) of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] as g{{{(i)}}}ven above); | ||
| 142 | * (c) {{{(i)}}}t {{{(i)}}}s recommended that the chosen m{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}mum durat{{{(i)}}}on of labour attachment abroad for a person to be cons{{{(i)}}}dered as a return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant worker>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] be relat{{{(i)}}}vely short, such as 6 months, calculated on a cumulat{{{(i)}}}ve bas{{{(i)}}}s for workers w{{{(i)}}}th repeated spells of m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on; | ||
| 143 | * (d) {{{(i)}}}t {{{(i)}}}s recommended that the reference per{{{(i)}}}od for the date of return, {{{(i)}}}.e., the max{{{(i)}}}mum t{{{(i)}}}me elapsed s{{{(i)}}}nce the return of the person to the country of current res{{{(i)}}}dence for them to be {{{(i)}}}ncluded {{{(i)}}}n the count (stock) of return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n that country, should be relat{{{(i)}}}vely long, such as last 12 months or last 5 years, or {{{(i)}}}t may be left open and then class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed by date of return. | ||
| 144 | |||
| 145 | == Class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}cat{{{(i)}}}ons == | ||
| 146 | |||
| 147 | 24. Internat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on {{{(i)}}}s character{{{(i)}}}zed by {{{(i)}}}ts d{{{(i)}}}rect{{{(i)}}}onal{{{(i)}}}ty, durat{{{(i)}}}on and nature. D{{{(i)}}}rect{{{(i)}}}onal{{{(i)}}}ty d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ngu{{{(i)}}}shes between entry and ex{{{(i)}}}t of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]. Durat{{{(i)}}}on refers to the durat{{{(i)}}}on of stay {{{(i)}}}n the country of labour attachment. Nature of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on refers to {{{(i)}}}ts permanent or temporary character. | ||
| 148 | |||
| 149 | === D{{{(i)}}}rect{{{(i)}}}onal{{{(i)}}}ty === | ||
| 150 | |||
| 151 | 25. [[Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] may be class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed by country of labour attachment and country of or{{{(i)}}}g{{{(i)}}}n. In part{{{(i)}}}cular: | ||
| 152 | |||
| 153 | * (a) //country of labour attachment// {{{(i)}}}s the country {{{(i)}}}n wh{{{(i)}}}ch the [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant worker>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] was supply{{{(i)}}}ng labour to res{{{(i)}}}dent producer un{{{(i)}}}t(s) dur{{{(i)}}}ng the spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed reference per{{{(i)}}}od used for measurement. For category 14(a) (usual res{{{(i)}}}dents) of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], the country of labour attachment {{{(i)}}}s the same as the country of usual res{{{(i)}}}dence. For category 14(b) (not usual res{{{(i)}}}dents) of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], the country of labour attachment d{{{(i)}}}ffers from the country of usual res{{{(i)}}}dence; | ||
| 154 | * (b) depend{{{(i)}}}ng on the def{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}on used for measurement purposes (category 14(a) or 14 (b) of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]), the //country of or{{{(i)}}}g{{{(i)}}}n// of the [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant worker>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] may refer to the country of b{{{(i)}}}rth, the country of c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zensh{{{(i)}}}p or the country of prev{{{(i)}}}ous usual res{{{(i)}}}dence. For category 14(b) (not usual res{{{(i)}}}dents) of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], the country of or{{{(i)}}}g{{{(i)}}}n may usually refer to the country of current usual res{{{(i)}}}dence; alternat{{{(i)}}}vely, {{{(i)}}}t may refer to the country of b{{{(i)}}}rth or the country of c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zensh{{{(i)}}}p. | ||
| 155 | |||
| 156 | 26. For‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants may be class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed by country of or{{{(i)}}}g{{{(i)}}}n and country of dest{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on. In part{{{(i)}}}cular: | ||
| 157 | |||
| 158 | * (a) as for [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], the //country of or{{{(i)}}}g{{{(i)}}}n// of for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants may be the country of b{{{(i)}}}rth, the country of c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zensh{{{(i)}}}p or the country of prev{{{(i)}}}ous usual res{{{(i)}}}dence, depend{{{(i)}}}ng on the def{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}on of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants used for measurement purposes; | ||
| 159 | * (b) the //country of dest{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on// of for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants refers to the country wh{{{(i)}}}ch the m{{{(i)}}}grant entered to undertake or seek [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]]. | ||
| 160 | |||
| 161 | 27. For‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants may trans{{{(i)}}}t through one or more countr{{{(i)}}}es {{{(i)}}}n the{{{(i)}}}r movement from country of or{{{(i)}}}g{{{(i)}}}n to country of dest{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on. For‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) m{{{(i)}}}grant workers may be class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed by //country or countr{{{(i)}}}es of trans{{{(i)}}}t// retrospect{{{(i)}}}vely, when the country of dest{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on has been reached. For a country to be cons{{{(i)}}}dered as a country of trans{{{(i)}}}t, the m{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}mum length of stay {{{(i)}}}n that country should be at least 4 weeks dur{{{(i)}}}ng wh{{{(i)}}}ch the worker had been undertak{{{(i)}}}ng or seek{{{(i)}}}ng (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%). If the durat{{{(i)}}}on of stay was beyond a certa{{{(i)}}}n max{{{(i)}}}mum threshold, the country should be cons{{{(i)}}}dered not as a country of trans{{{(i)}}}t but as a country of prev{{{(i)}}}ous labour attachment. The max{{{(i)}}}mum threshold may be determ{{{(i)}}}ned {{{(i)}}}n l{{{(i)}}}ne w{{{(i)}}}th the nat{{{(i)}}}onal c{{{(i)}}}rcumstances and pol{{{(i)}}}cy pr{{{(i)}}}or{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es of the country. | ||
| 162 | |||
| 163 | 28. Return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] may be class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed by //country of prev{{{(i)}}}ous labour attachment//. The country of prev{{{(i)}}}ous labour attachment refers to the country {{{(i)}}}n wh{{{(i)}}}ch the return {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant was prev{{{(i)}}}ously an [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant worker>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]. In the case that the return {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant had more than one country of prev{{{(i)}}}ous labour attachment, the country of last labour attachment or the country of longest labour attachment, or a comb{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on of the two cr{{{(i)}}}ter{{{(i)}}}a, may be used for class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}cat{{{(i)}}}on purposes. | ||
| 164 | |||
| 165 | === Durat{{{(i)}}}on of stay === | ||
| 166 | |||
| 167 | 29. [[Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants and return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] may be class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed accord{{{(i)}}}ng to durat{{{(i)}}}on of stay {{{(i)}}}n the country of current labour attachment. Return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] may also be class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed accord{{{(i)}}}ng to durat{{{(i)}}}on of stay and durat{{{(i)}}}on of labour attachment {{{(i)}}}n the country of prev{{{(i)}}}ous labour attachment, {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng per{{{(i)}}}ods the person was {{{(i)}}}n that country but temporar{{{(i)}}}ly had no labour attachment. | ||
| 168 | |||
| 169 | 30. For [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], //durat{{{(i)}}}on of stay// {{{(i)}}}s the length of elapsed t{{{(i)}}}me spent {{{(i)}}}n the country of labour attachment. It {{{(i)}}}ncludes per{{{(i)}}}ods dur{{{(i)}}}ng wh{{{(i)}}}ch the [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant worker>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] was temporar{{{(i)}}}ly absent from h{{{(i)}}}s or her (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) or had temporar{{{(i)}}}ly no labour attachment {{{(i)}}}n the country. The term //elapsed t{{{(i)}}}me// refers to the fact that the [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant worker>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}s st{{{(i)}}}ll present {{{(i)}}}n the country of labour attachment and the durat{{{(i)}}}on of stay, at the t{{{(i)}}}me of measurement, may be {{{(i)}}}ncomplete. | ||
| 170 | |||
| 171 | 31. The follow{{{(i)}}}ng categor{{{(i)}}}es of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] may be d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ngu{{{(i)}}}shed {{{(i)}}}n terms of durat{{{(i)}}}on of stay: | ||
| 172 | |||
| 173 | * (a) //long‐term [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]//, that {{{(i)}}}s, [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] whose durat{{{(i)}}}on of stay {{{(i)}}}n the country of labour attachment has been one year or more (12 months or more). Where relevant, long‐term [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] may be sub‐d{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ded to d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ngu{{{(i)}}}sh between those w{{{(i)}}}th durat{{{(i)}}}on of stay of less than 5 years, and those w{{{(i)}}}th durat{{{(i)}}}on of stay of 5 years or more; | ||
| 174 | * (b) //short‐term [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]//, that {{{(i)}}}s, [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] whose cumulat{{{(i)}}}ve durat{{{(i)}}}on of stay {{{(i)}}}n the country of labour attachment has been of** **l{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}ted durat{{{(i)}}}on, {{{(i)}}}.e., less than 12 months; | ||
| 175 | * (c) for certa{{{(i)}}}n pol{{{(i)}}}cy purposes, {{{(i)}}}t may also be relevant to separately {{{(i)}}}dent{{{(i)}}}fy //seasonal [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]// (category 20(b) of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]), whose (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) by {{{(i)}}}ts character {{{(i)}}}s dependent on seasonal cond{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ons and {{{(i)}}}s performed dur{{{(i)}}}ng only a part of the year. S{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}lar cons{{{(i)}}}derat{{{(i)}}}ons for separate {{{(i)}}}dent{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}cat{{{(i)}}}on may also apply to //front{{{(i)}}}er workers// and //{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}nerant workers// (categor{{{(i)}}}es 20(a) and 20(c) of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]). | ||
| 176 | |||
| 177 | W{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n the three categor{{{(i)}}}es 31(a), 31(b) and 31(c), [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] may be further class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed for analyt{{{(i)}}}cal purposes by //durat{{{(i)}}}on of labour attachment//, d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ngu{{{(i)}}}sh{{{(i)}}}ng between durat{{{(i)}}}on of [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] and durat{{{(i)}}}on of [[unemployment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Unemployment.WebHome]], and, where relevant, durat{{{(i)}}}on {{{(i)}}}n other [[forms of work>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Forms of Work.WebHome]] or act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es. | ||
| 178 | |||
| 179 | 32. In the case of for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], the durat{{{(i)}}}on of stay refers to the durat{{{(i)}}}on of {{{(i)}}}ntended stay and the country of labour attachment refers to the country of dest{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on. | ||
| 180 | |||
| 181 | 33. In the case of return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], the country of labour attachment {{{(i)}}}s the country of prev{{{(i)}}}ous labour attachment and the durat{{{(i)}}}on of stay refers to the durat{{{(i)}}}on of the completed stay {{{(i)}}}n that country. For certa{{{(i)}}}n pol{{{(i)}}}cy and analyt{{{(i)}}}cal purposes, {{{(i)}}}t may also be relevant to class{{{(i)}}}fy return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] accord{{{(i)}}}ng to the cumulat{{{(i)}}}ve durat{{{(i)}}}on of stay {{{(i)}}}n all countr{{{(i)}}}es of prev{{{(i)}}}ous labour attachment. | ||
| 182 | |||
| 183 | === Permanent or temporary nature === | ||
| 184 | |||
| 185 | 34. For‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants may be class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed accord{{{(i)}}}ng to the permanent or temporary nature of the{{{(i)}}}r {{{(i)}}}ntended stay {{{(i)}}}n the country of labour attachment at the t{{{(i)}}}me of entry, as follows: | ||
| 186 | |||
| 187 | * (a) //permanent for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants//, that {{{(i)}}}s, for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants w{{{(i)}}}th the {{{(i)}}}ntent{{{(i)}}}on of settl{{{(i)}}}ng for a l{{{(i)}}}fet{{{(i)}}}me {{{(i)}}}n the country of labour attachment or country of dest{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on. For pract{{{(i)}}}cal purposes, {{{(i)}}}n the case of [[employees>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]] w{{{(i)}}}th labour contracts, permanent for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants may be def{{{(i)}}}ned on the bas{{{(i)}}}s of the durat{{{(i)}}}on of the labour contract, such as those w{{{(i)}}}th labour contracts w{{{(i)}}}th a durat{{{(i)}}}on of 5 years or more. From the perspect{{{(i)}}}ve of the country of c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zensh{{{(i)}}}p, when d{{{(i)}}}fferent from the country of labour attachment or country of dest{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on, permanent for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants may be regarded as “c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zens (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) abroad w{{{(i)}}}th no {{{(i)}}}ntent{{{(i)}}}on of return{{{(i)}}}ng to the country of c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zensh{{{(i)}}}p”. S{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}larly, from the perspect{{{(i)}}}ve of the country of b{{{(i)}}}rth, when d{{{(i)}}}fferent from the country of labour attachment or country of dest{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on, permanent for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants may be regarded as “nat{{{(i)}}}ve‐born persons (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) abroad w{{{(i)}}}th no {{{(i)}}}ntent{{{(i)}}}on of return{{{(i)}}}ng to the country of b{{{(i)}}}rth”; | ||
| 188 | * (b) //temporary for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants//, that {{{(i)}}}s, for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants enter{{{(i)}}}ng the country of labour attachment or country of dest{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on w{{{(i)}}}th the {{{(i)}}}ntent{{{(i)}}}on of stay for a l{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}ted per{{{(i)}}}od of t{{{(i)}}}me per{{{(i)}}}od, wh{{{(i)}}}ch may be less or more than 12 months. The t{{{(i)}}}me restr{{{(i)}}}ct{{{(i)}}}on may be voluntary on the part of worker or due to the needs of the [[employ{{{(i)}}}ng>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Employment.WebHome]] organ{{{(i)}}}zat{{{(i)}}}on. For pract{{{(i)}}}cal purposes, {{{(i)}}}n the case of [[employees>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]] w{{{(i)}}}th labour contracts, temporary for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants may be def{{{(i)}}}ned on bas{{{(i)}}}s of the durat{{{(i)}}}on of the labour contract. From the perspect{{{(i)}}}ve of the country of c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zensh{{{(i)}}}p, when d{{{(i)}}}fferent from the country of labour attachment or country of dest{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on, temporary for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants may be regarded as “c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zens (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) abroad w{{{(i)}}}th the {{{(i)}}}ntent{{{(i)}}}on of return{{{(i)}}}ng to the country of c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zensh{{{(i)}}}p”. S{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}larly, from the perspect{{{(i)}}}ve of the country of b{{{(i)}}}rth, when d{{{(i)}}}fferent from the country of labour attachment or country of dest{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on, temporary for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants may be regarded as “nat{{{(i)}}}ve‐born persons (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) abroad w{{{(i)}}}th the {{{(i)}}}ntent{{{(i)}}}on of return{{{(i)}}}ng to the country of b{{{(i)}}}rth”; | ||
| 189 | |||
| 190 | 35. Where relevant and feas{{{(i)}}}ble, [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] may also be class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed as permanent and temporary [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] on the bas{{{(i)}}}s of nature of {{{(i)}}}ntended stay as {{{(i)}}}n the case of for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants. It should be noted that {{{(i)}}}n the case of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], there may be categor{{{(i)}}}es** **who cannot be adequately class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed as permanent or temporary [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] due to the nature of the{{{(i)}}}r labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on. One part{{{(i)}}}cular group compr{{{(i)}}}ses //c{{{(i)}}}rcular {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal// //m{{{(i)}}}grant workers, //that {{{(i)}}}s, [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}nvolved {{{(i)}}}n mult{{{(i)}}}ple movements between country of or{{{(i)}}}g{{{(i)}}}n and country of labour attachment w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n a spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed per{{{(i)}}}od of t{{{(i)}}}me, such as 12 months. Th{{{(i)}}}s group {{{(i)}}}ncludes category 14 (b) (not usual res{{{(i)}}}dents) of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]. | ||
| 191 | |||
| 192 | == Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of stocks and flows == | ||
| 193 | |||
| 194 | 36. The stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of stocks and flows prov{{{(i)}}}de {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on on the numbers of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] present {{{(i)}}}n the country and the changes {{{(i)}}}n the{{{(i)}}}r m{{{(i)}}}grant status and (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) status, as follows: | ||
| 195 | |||
| 196 | * (a) the //stock of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]// {{{(i)}}}s the number of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] present {{{(i)}}}n the country of measurement at a g{{{(i)}}}ven t{{{(i)}}}me, as def{{{(i)}}}ned {{{(i)}}}n categor{{{(i)}}}es 14(a) and 14 (b) set out above; | ||
| 197 | * (b) the //{{{(i)}}}nflow of for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants// {{{(i)}}}s the number of for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants who entered {{{(i)}}}n the country of measurement dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed {{{(i)}}}n paragraph 22(a) above; | ||
| 198 | * (c) the //{{{(i)}}}nflow of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]// {{{(i)}}}s the sum of: ( {{{(i)}}} ) the number of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants already present {{{(i)}}}n the country of measurement before the beg{{{(i)}}}nn{{{(i)}}}ng of the spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed reference per{{{(i)}}}od, who were outs{{{(i)}}}de the [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] at the beg{{{(i)}}}nn{{{(i)}}}ng of the reference per{{{(i)}}}od but entered the [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] of the country of measurement dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od; ({{{(i)}}}{{{(i)}}}) the {{{(i)}}}nflow of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants who entered the country of measurement dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od – whether as for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants or for whatever other reason – and entered the [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] of the country of measurement dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od; ({{{(i)}}}{{{(i)}}}{{{(i)}}}) non‐res{{{(i)}}}dents of the country of measurement who became non‐res{{{(i)}}}dent [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n the country dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od. The {{{(i)}}}nflow of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] //{{{(i)}}}ncludes// the {{{(i)}}}nflow of for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants who entered the country of measurement dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od and had labour attachment {{{(i)}}}n that country at some t{{{(i)}}}me dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od. It //excludes//, however, the {{{(i)}}}nflow of for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants who entered the country of measurement dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od but have rema{{{(i)}}}ned w{{{(i)}}}thout labour attachment {{{(i)}}}n that country throughout the reference per{{{(i)}}}od; | ||
| 199 | * (d) the //outflow of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]// {{{(i)}}}s the sum of: ( {{{(i)}}} ) the number of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] who left the country of measurement (or d{{{(i)}}}ed) dur{{{(i)}}}ng the spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed reference per{{{(i)}}}od; ({{{(i)}}}{{{(i)}}}) the number of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] who rema{{{(i)}}}ned {{{(i)}}}n the country of measurement but left the [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] of the country dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od; and ({{{(i)}}}{{{(i)}}}{{{(i)}}}) non‐res{{{(i)}}}dent [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n the country of measurement whose labour attachment {{{(i)}}}n that country term{{{(i)}}}nated dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od, for whatever reason. The outflow of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] //excludes// for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants {{{(i)}}}n the country of measurement who left that country (or d{{{(i)}}}ed) dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od, w{{{(i)}}}thout hav{{{(i)}}}ng had labour attachment {{{(i)}}}n the country at any t{{{(i)}}}me dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od. | ||
| 200 | |||
| 201 | Wh{{{(i)}}}le the three categor{{{(i)}}}es ( {{{(i)}}} ), ({{{(i)}}}{{{(i)}}}) and ({{{(i)}}}{{{(i)}}}{{{(i)}}}) {{{(i)}}}n subparagraphs 36(c) and 36(d) are needed to ensure that the stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of {{{(i)}}}nflow and outflow of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] are cons{{{(i)}}}stent w{{{(i)}}}th those on the change {{{(i)}}}n the stock of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], {{{(i)}}}t {{{(i)}}}s {{{(i)}}}mportant to d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ngu{{{(i)}}}sh between the m{{{(i)}}}grant flows (category ({{{(i)}}}{{{(i)}}})) and the [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] flows (categor{{{(i)}}}es ( {{{(i)}}} ) and ({{{(i)}}}{{{(i)}}}{{{(i)}}})) represent{{{(i)}}}ng the entr{{{(i)}}}es and ex{{{(i)}}}sts to and from the [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]]. | ||
| 202 | |||
| 203 | 37. The //change {{{(i)}}}n the stock of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]// dur{{{(i)}}}ng a g{{{(i)}}}ven per{{{(i)}}}od of t{{{(i)}}}me {{{(i)}}}s equal to the {{{(i)}}}nflow of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] dur{{{(i)}}}ng that per{{{(i)}}}od m{{{(i)}}}nus the outflow of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] dur{{{(i)}}}ng that same per{{{(i)}}}od. If the stock has {{{(i)}}}ncreased, there has been a //net {{{(i)}}}nflow of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]//; {{{(i)}}}f the stock has decreased, there has been a //net outflow of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]// dur{{{(i)}}}ng the g{{{(i)}}}ven per{{{(i)}}}od. | ||
| 204 | |||
| 205 | 38. The ma{{{(i)}}}n stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of stocks and flows of return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] are: | ||
| 206 | |||
| 207 | * (a) the //stock of return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]// {{{(i)}}}s the total number of return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n the country of measurement at a g{{{(i)}}}ven po{{{(i)}}}nt of t{{{(i)}}}me, as def{{{(i)}}}ned {{{(i)}}}n paragraph 23 above; | ||
| 208 | * (b) the //{{{(i)}}}nflow of return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]// {{{(i)}}}s the number of return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] return{{{(i)}}}ng to the country of measurement dur{{{(i)}}}ng a certa{{{(i)}}}n spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed per{{{(i)}}}od of t{{{(i)}}}me. | ||
| 209 | |||
| 210 | 39. In countr{{{(i)}}}es where there {{{(i)}}}s a s{{{(i)}}}gn{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}cant movement of return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] to other countr{{{(i)}}}es (or to certa{{{(i)}}}n spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed countr{{{(i)}}}es), {{{(i)}}}t may be relevant to also comp{{{(i)}}}le stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of //outflow of return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]],// def{{{(i)}}}ned as the number of return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] who leave the country of measurement for another country dur{{{(i)}}}ng a g{{{(i)}}}ven per{{{(i)}}}od for (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) or other reasons. | ||
| 211 | |||
| 212 | == Core {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}cators == | ||
| 213 | |||
| 214 | 40. | ||
| 215 | |||
| 216 | Each country should select a set of {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}cators to mon{{{(i)}}}tor the process of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on affect{{{(i)}}}ng the country. For {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal report{{{(i)}}}ng, the follow{{{(i)}}}ng set of core {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}cators {{{(i)}}}s proposed. | ||
| 217 | |||
| 218 | 41. The core {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}cators of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] are: | ||
| 219 | |||
| 220 | * (a) the stock of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] at the m{{{(i)}}}d‐po{{{(i)}}}nt of the report{{{(i)}}}ng per{{{(i)}}}od, d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ngu{{{(i)}}}sh{{{(i)}}}ng between categor{{{(i)}}}es 14(a) (usual res{{{(i)}}}dents) and 14(b) (not usual res{{{(i)}}}dents) of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]; | ||
| 221 | * (b) the [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] part{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}pat{{{(i)}}}on rate, the employment‐to‐populat{{{(i)}}}on rat{{{(i)}}}o and the [[unemployment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Unemployment.WebHome]] rate of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants, as def{{{(i)}}}ned {{{(i)}}}n paragraph 16 above. S{{{(i)}}}nce category 14(a) of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] refers to usual res{{{(i)}}}dents {{{(i)}}}n the country of labour attachment, by def{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}on, the correspond{{{(i)}}}ng categor{{{(i)}}}es 16(a), 16(b), 16(c) and 16(d) cover only res{{{(i)}}}dents: | ||
| 222 | |||
| 223 | [[{{{(i)}}}mage:1750319381850-786.png]] | ||
| 224 | |||
| 225 | * (c) {{{(i)}}}n countr{{{(i)}}}es w{{{(i)}}}th a s{{{(i)}}}gn{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}cant number of category 14(b) (not usual res{{{(i)}}}dents) of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], the mod{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] part{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}pat{{{(i)}}}on rate, the employment‐to‐populat{{{(i)}}}on rat{{{(i)}}}o and the [[unemployment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Unemployment.WebHome]] rate may be calculated by add{{{(i)}}}ng the number of category 14(b) [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] to both the numerator and the denom{{{(i)}}}nator of the {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}cators of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]; | ||
| 226 | * (d) where “labour attachment” {{{(i)}}}n the def{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}on of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}s extended to cover the [[potent{{{(i)}}}al labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Potent{{{(i)}}}al Labour Force.WebHome]] and unpa{{{(i)}}}d [[forms of work>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Forms of Work.WebHome]], the {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}cators of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] should d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ngu{{{(i)}}}sh between the d{{{(i)}}}fferent forms of labour attachment and correspond{{{(i)}}}ng rates and rat{{{(i)}}}os should be calculated, as appropr{{{(i)}}}ate; | ||
| 227 | * (e) {{{(i)}}}n countr{{{(i)}}}es w{{{(i)}}}th a s{{{(i)}}}gn{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}cant number of ch{{{(i)}}}ld [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], an appropr{{{(i)}}}ate lower age l{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}t may be used {{{(i)}}}n def{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}ng the [[work{{{(i)}}}ng age>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng Age.WebHome]] populat{{{(i)}}}on and the correspond{{{(i)}}}ng populat{{{(i)}}}on of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] for the purpose of calculat{{{(i)}}}ng the [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] part{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}pat{{{(i)}}}on rate and the employment‐to‐populat{{{(i)}}}on rat{{{(i)}}}o of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]. | ||
| 228 | |||
| 229 | 42. The core {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}cators of the {{{(i)}}}nflow of for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants are: | ||
| 230 | |||
| 231 | * (a) {{{(i)}}}nflow of for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od chosen {{{(i)}}}n paragraph 22(a), {{{(i)}}}dent{{{(i)}}}fy{{{(i)}}}ng separately the number of temporary, and where relevant, the number of c{{{(i)}}}rcular for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants as def{{{(i)}}}ned {{{(i)}}}n paragraphs 34 and 35; | ||
| 232 | * t(b) he share of {{{(i)}}}nflow of for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants {{{(i)}}}n the total {{{(i)}}}nflow of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od, {{{(i)}}}rrespect{{{(i)}}}ve of the reason for m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on. | ||
| 233 | |||
| 234 | 43. The core {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}cators of return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] are: | ||
| 235 | |||
| 236 | * (a) the stock of return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] at m{{{(i)}}}d‐po{{{(i)}}}nt of the reference per{{{(i)}}}od chosen under paragraph 23(a) above; | ||
| 237 | * (b) the share of return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n the [[work{{{(i)}}}ng age>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng Age.WebHome]] populat{{{(i)}}}on of the country of measurement at m{{{(i)}}}d‐po{{{(i)}}}nt of the same reference per{{{(i)}}}od; | ||
| 238 | * (c) the {{{(i)}}}nflow of return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n the country of measurement dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od chosen under paragraph 38(b) above. | ||
| 239 | |||
| 240 | 44. The core {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}cators should be d{{{(i)}}}saggregated by sex and, where relevant, by country of or{{{(i)}}}g{{{(i)}}}n, country of dest{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on, country of labour attachment or country of prev{{{(i)}}}ous labour attachment, {{{(i)}}}n l{{{(i)}}}ne w{{{(i)}}}th the def{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ons g{{{(i)}}}ven {{{(i)}}}n paragraphs 25 to 28 above. Where relevant and feas{{{(i)}}}ble, the core {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}cators may be extended to reflect on other aspects of [[labour underut{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}zat{{{(i)}}}on>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Underut{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}zat{{{(i)}}}on.WebHome]] of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], {{{(i)}}}n part{{{(i)}}}cular, t{{{(i)}}}me‐related underemployment and other forms of underemployment. | ||
| 241 | |||
| 242 | 45. To enable measurement of trends, the core {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}cators should be reported at the nat{{{(i)}}}onal level on a regular bas{{{(i)}}}s and, where relevant and feas{{{(i)}}}ble, on a frequent bas{{{(i)}}}s, such as annually, quarterly or monthly, as appropr{{{(i)}}}ate. | ||
| 243 | |||
| 244 | = Data collect{{{(i)}}}on = | ||
| 245 | |||
| 246 | == Items of data collect{{{(i)}}}on and tabulat{{{(i)}}}on == | ||
| 247 | |||
| 248 | 46. The {{{(i)}}}tems of data collect{{{(i)}}}on should prov{{{(i)}}}de comprehens{{{(i)}}}ve {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on for the var{{{(i)}}}ous users of the stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on, tak{{{(i)}}}ng {{{(i)}}}nto account spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}c nat{{{(i)}}}onal needs and c{{{(i)}}}rcumstances. The {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on should cover data on the ma{{{(i)}}}n soc{{{(i)}}}odemograph{{{(i)}}}c character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs and the m{{{(i)}}}grant status and (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) status of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants and return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]. The ma{{{(i)}}}n {{{(i)}}}tems of data collect{{{(i)}}}on {{{(i)}}}nclude: | ||
| 249 | |||
| 250 | * (a) //ma{{{(i)}}}n soc{{{(i)}}}o‐demograph{{{(i)}}}c character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs//: | ||
| 251 | ** sex | ||
| 252 | ** age or date of b{{{(i)}}}rth | ||
| 253 | ** mar{{{(i)}}}tal status | ||
| 254 | ** level of educat{{{(i)}}}on atta{{{(i)}}}ned | ||
| 255 | ** type of l{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ng quarters (pr{{{(i)}}}vate household, collect{{{(i)}}}ve or {{{(i)}}}nst{{{(i)}}}tut{{{(i)}}}onal household, other type of l{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ng quarters, non‐res{{{(i)}}}dent{{{(i)}}}al accommodat{{{(i)}}}on) | ||
| 256 | ** country of b{{{(i)}}}rth and country of b{{{(i)}}}rth of parent(s) | ||
| 257 | ** country of c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zensh{{{(i)}}}p | ||
| 258 | ** country of usual res{{{(i)}}}dence | ||
| 259 | ** country of last usual res{{{(i)}}}dence (or country of prev{{{(i)}}}ous labour attachment for return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]) | ||
| 260 | ** prof{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}ency (speak{{{(i)}}}ng, read{{{(i)}}}ng, wr{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ng) {{{(i)}}}n a language of the country of labour attachment | ||
| 261 | * (b) //ma{{{(i)}}}n m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs//: | ||
| 262 | ** purpose of m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on (declared or documented reason for f{{{(i)}}}rst entry {{{(i)}}}nto the country, spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}cally the country of actual or {{{(i)}}}ntended labour attachment); and also, for return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], the ma{{{(i)}}}n reason for last departure from the country of prev{{{(i)}}}ous labour attachment | ||
| 263 | ** type of v{{{(i)}}}sa, res{{{(i)}}}dence perm{{{(i)}}}t, (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) perm{{{(i)}}}t | ||
| 264 | ** permanent, temporary or c{{{(i)}}}rcular nature of m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on | ||
| 265 | ** durat{{{(i)}}}on of stay: date of f{{{(i)}}}rst entry {{{(i)}}}nto the country of labour attachment; and also, for return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], date of last departure from the country | ||
| 266 | ** any restr{{{(i)}}}ct{{{(i)}}}ons {{{(i)}}}n the r{{{(i)}}}ghts to res{{{(i)}}}dence {{{(i)}}}n the country of actual or {{{(i)}}}ntended labour attachment (such as concern{{{(i)}}}ng place of res{{{(i)}}}dence, durat{{{(i)}}}on of stay, mob{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty) | ||
| 267 | * (c) //ma{{{(i)}}}n (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs//: | ||
| 268 | ** [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] status ([[employed>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Employment.WebHome]], [[unemployed>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Unemployment.WebHome]], outs{{{(i)}}}de the [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]]) branch of econom{{{(i)}}}c act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty | ||
| 269 | ** occupat{{{(i)}}}on | ||
| 270 | ** status {{{(i)}}}n [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] | ||
| 271 | ** [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]], {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%), contractual hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work | ||
| 272 | ** durat{{{(i)}}}on of [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n months or years | ||
| 273 | ** [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]]‐related {{{(i)}}}ncome | ||
| 274 | ** rem{{{(i)}}}ttances sent outs{{{(i)}}}de the country of labour attachment | ||
| 275 | ** soc{{{(i)}}}al secur{{{(i)}}}ty ent{{{(i)}}}tlements {{{(i)}}}n the country of labour attachment | ||
| 276 | ** any restr{{{(i)}}}ct{{{(i)}}}ons of the r{{{(i)}}}ght to [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] (e.g. concern{{{(i)}}}ng undertak{{{(i)}}}ng or seek{{{(i)}}}ng (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%), chang{{{(i)}}}ng employer or (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) performed) | ||
| 277 | |||
| 278 | //[[Labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] status// refers to the current s{{{(i)}}}tuat{{{(i)}}}on of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] and for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants and to the last s{{{(i)}}}tuat{{{(i)}}}on of return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n the country of prev{{{(i)}}}ous labour attachment. The //ma{{{(i)}}}n (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs// refer to the current ma{{{(i)}}}n [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] of [[employed>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Employment.WebHome]] [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] and for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants and to the last [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] of return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n the country of prev{{{(i)}}}ous labour attachment. | ||
| 279 | |||
| 280 | 47. The concepts and categor{{{(i)}}}es of the {{{(i)}}}tems of data collect{{{(i)}}}on should adhere or be convert{{{(i)}}}ble to the latest {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal standards where they ex{{{(i)}}}st, such as the Recommendat{{{(i)}}}ons on stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on, the Internat{{{(i)}}}onal Standard Class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}cat{{{(i)}}}on of Educat{{{(i)}}}on (ISCED), the Internat{{{(i)}}}onal Standard Industr{{{(i)}}}al Class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}cat{{{(i)}}}on of All Econom{{{(i)}}}c Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es (ISIC), the Internat{{{(i)}}}onal Standard Class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}cat{{{(i)}}}on of Occupat{{{(i)}}}ons (ISCO), the Internat{{{(i)}}}onal Class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}cat{{{(i)}}}on of Status {{{(i)}}}n [[Employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] (ICSE), and the ICLS standards on stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%), [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] and [[labour underut{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}zat{{{(i)}}}on>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Underut{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}zat{{{(i)}}}on.WebHome]], [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] and [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]]‐related {{{(i)}}}ncome. | ||
| 281 | |||
| 282 | 48. Where “labour attachment” {{{(i)}}}n the def{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}on of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] covers the [[potent{{{(i)}}}al labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Potent{{{(i)}}}al Labour Force.WebHome]] and unpa{{{(i)}}}d [[forms of work>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Forms of Work.WebHome]], the l{{{(i)}}}st of {{{(i)}}}tems of data collect{{{(i)}}}on should be extended to {{{(i)}}}nclude elements for the measurement of potent{{{(i)}}}al labour, [[forms of work>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Forms of Work.WebHome]] and the{{{(i)}}}r character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs, such as degree of labour market attachment, type of econom{{{(i)}}}c un{{{(i)}}}t (market un{{{(i)}}}ts/non‐market un{{{(i)}}}ts) and [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n d{{{(i)}}}fferent [[forms of work>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Forms of Work.WebHome]], as appropr{{{(i)}}}ate. | ||
| 283 | |||
| 284 | 49. S{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}larly, where the age l{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}t of the [[work{{{(i)}}}ng age>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng Age.WebHome]] populat{{{(i)}}}on {{{(i)}}}s lowered to cover {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal ch{{{(i)}}}ld m{{{(i)}}}grant workers, the l{{{(i)}}}st of {{{(i)}}}tems of data collect{{{(i)}}}on should be extended to obta{{{(i)}}}n relevant {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on on the ch{{{(i)}}}ld’s l{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ng and (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) cond{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ons, {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng school attendance, engagement {{{(i)}}}n unpa{{{(i)}}}d domest{{{(i)}}}c serv{{{(i)}}}ces or household chores, exposure to hazardous (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) cond{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ons and r{{{(i)}}}sk of other worst forms of ch{{{(i)}}}ld labour, {{{(i)}}}n l{{{(i)}}}ne w{{{(i)}}}th the latest ICLS standards on stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of ch{{{(i)}}}ld labour. | ||
| 285 | |||
| 286 | 50. Depend{{{(i)}}}ng on pol{{{(i)}}}cy concerns, add{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}onal data {{{(i)}}}tems may be collected, such as on past m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on and (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) h{{{(i)}}}story; fam{{{(i)}}}ly relat{{{(i)}}}onsh{{{(i)}}}ps and character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of fam{{{(i)}}}ly members; part{{{(i)}}}cular categor{{{(i)}}}es of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], such as one or more of those l{{{(i)}}}sted under paragraph 20 above; or spec{{{(i)}}}al top{{{(i)}}}cs, such as occupat{{{(i)}}}onal {{{(i)}}}njur{{{(i)}}}es, the [[{{{(i)}}}nformal sector>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Informal sector.WebHome]] and [[{{{(i)}}}nformal employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Informal employment.WebHome]], and labour explo{{{(i)}}}tat{{{(i)}}}on and forced labour of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], {{{(i)}}}n l{{{(i)}}}ne w{{{(i)}}}th the latest ICLS standards on the respect{{{(i)}}}ve top{{{(i)}}}cs, namely, stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of occupat{{{(i)}}}onal {{{(i)}}}njur{{{(i)}}}es (result{{{(i)}}}ng from occupat{{{(i)}}}onal acc{{{(i)}}}dents), stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n the [[{{{(i)}}}nformal sector>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Informal sector.WebHome]] and [[{{{(i)}}}nformal employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Informal employment.WebHome]] and stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of forced labour, etc. | ||
| 287 | |||
| 288 | 51. In general, the per{{{(i)}}}od{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}ty of data collect{{{(i)}}}on depends on the stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal needs and capac{{{(i)}}}ty of the stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal {{{(i)}}}nfrastructure {{{(i)}}}n the country of measurement. The per{{{(i)}}}od{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}ty of data collect{{{(i)}}}on may not be the same for all {{{(i)}}}tems of data collect{{{(i)}}}on. At a m{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}mum, the per{{{(i)}}}od{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}ty of the ma{{{(i)}}}n {{{(i)}}}tems of data collect{{{(i)}}}on should be suff{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}ent to prov{{{(i)}}}de the {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on requ{{{(i)}}}red for the core {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}cators spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed {{{(i)}}}n paragraphs 40 to 45 above. | ||
| 289 | |||
| 290 | 52. The {{{(i)}}}tems of data collect{{{(i)}}}on descr{{{(i)}}}bed above g{{{(i)}}}ve r{{{(i)}}}se to a mult{{{(i)}}}tude of tabulat{{{(i)}}}ons and cross‐tabulat{{{(i)}}}ons of data on [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants and return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]. The cho{{{(i)}}}ce and deta{{{(i)}}}ls of the tabulat{{{(i)}}}on plan depend on pol{{{(i)}}}cy concerns, as well as on the representat{{{(i)}}}veness, data qual{{{(i)}}}ty and sample s{{{(i)}}}ze of the underly{{{(i)}}}ng {{{(i)}}}nqu{{{(i)}}}ry {{{(i)}}}f the data are based on sample surveys, and on the ava{{{(i)}}}lab{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty, populat{{{(i)}}}on coverage and su{{{(i)}}}tab{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty for stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal purposes of the {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on {{{(i)}}}f the data are based on adm{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}strat{{{(i)}}}ve records. The ma{{{(i)}}}n tabulat{{{(i)}}}ons should prov{{{(i)}}}de the {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on requ{{{(i)}}}red to der{{{(i)}}}ve the core {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}cators spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed {{{(i)}}}n paragraphs 40 to 45 above. | ||
| 291 | |||
| 292 | 53. For the purpose of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal compar{{{(i)}}}sons, countr{{{(i)}}}es that use the country of b{{{(i)}}}rth as the cr{{{(i)}}}ter{{{(i)}}}on for {{{(i)}}}dent{{{(i)}}}fy{{{(i)}}}ng {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants may w{{{(i)}}}sh to tabulate relevant populat{{{(i)}}}ons by country of c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zensh{{{(i)}}}p and country of prev{{{(i)}}}ous usual res{{{(i)}}}dence. S{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}larly, countr{{{(i)}}}es that use the country of c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zensh{{{(i)}}}p as the cr{{{(i)}}}ter{{{(i)}}}on for {{{(i)}}}dent{{{(i)}}}fy{{{(i)}}}ng {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants may w{{{(i)}}}sh to tabulate relevant populat{{{(i)}}}ons by country of b{{{(i)}}}rth and country of prev{{{(i)}}}ous usual res{{{(i)}}}dence. F{{{(i)}}}nally, countr{{{(i)}}}es that use change {{{(i)}}}n the country of usual res{{{(i)}}}dence as the cr{{{(i)}}}ter{{{(i)}}}on for {{{(i)}}}dent{{{(i)}}}fy{{{(i)}}}ng {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants may w{{{(i)}}}sh to tabulate the relevant populat{{{(i)}}}ons by country of c{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}zensh{{{(i)}}}p and country of b{{{(i)}}}rth. | ||
| 293 | |||
| 294 | == Data sources == | ||
| 295 | |||
| 296 | 54. Informat{{{(i)}}}on on d{{{(i)}}}fferent aspects of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on and categor{{{(i)}}}es of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] may come from d{{{(i)}}}verse sources. These d{{{(i)}}}fferent stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal sources should be treated as complementary, to be used {{{(i)}}}n comb{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on {{{(i)}}}n order to der{{{(i)}}}ve comprehens{{{(i)}}}ve sets of stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs to the extent poss{{{(i)}}}ble. It {{{(i)}}}s useful to d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ngu{{{(i)}}}sh the sources of stock and flow stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs as follows: | ||
| 297 | |||
| 298 | * (a) //sources generat{{{(i)}}}ng stock stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs//: populat{{{(i)}}}on censuses; household surveys, {{{(i)}}}n part{{{(i)}}}cular [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] surveys (espec{{{(i)}}}ally relevant for certa{{{(i)}}}n groups, e.g. category 14(a) (usual res{{{(i)}}}dents) of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]); spec{{{(i)}}}al{{{(i)}}}zed m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on and demograph{{{(i)}}}c surveys; surveys l{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}ted to, or focused on, part{{{(i)}}}cular populat{{{(i)}}}ons or doma{{{(i)}}}ns (such as surveys near {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal borders, surveys of refugee camps); and establ{{{(i)}}}shment census and sample surveys; | ||
| 299 | * (b) //sources generat{{{(i)}}}ng flow stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs//: border reg{{{(i)}}}strat{{{(i)}}}ons; stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of res{{{(i)}}}dence perm{{{(i)}}}ts {{{(i)}}}ssued; stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) perm{{{(i)}}}ts {{{(i)}}}ssued, stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of v{{{(i)}}}sas {{{(i)}}}ssued; departure reg{{{(i)}}}strat{{{(i)}}}ons; and household surveys; | ||
| 300 | * (c) //sources that can generate both flow and stock stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs//: populat{{{(i)}}}on reg{{{(i)}}}sters; household surveys, reg{{{(i)}}}sters of fore{{{(i)}}}gners; tax and soc{{{(i)}}}al secur{{{(i)}}}ty reg{{{(i)}}}strat{{{(i)}}}ons; and reg{{{(i)}}}strat{{{(i)}}}ons for use of ut{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es (e.g. phone, electr{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}ty); | ||
| 301 | * (d) //other sources//: certa{{{(i)}}}n groups of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] who are {{{(i)}}}n need of {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal protect{{{(i)}}}on may requ{{{(i)}}}re spec{{{(i)}}}al surveys w{{{(i)}}}th targeted samples due to the{{{(i)}}}r part{{{(i)}}}cular character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs and c{{{(i)}}}rcumstances. Appropr{{{(i)}}}ate adm{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}strat{{{(i)}}}ve sources of data, where ava{{{(i)}}}lable, may supplement targeted sample surveys or may even serve as an alternat{{{(i)}}}ve to such surveys. | ||
| 302 | |||
| 303 | == Measurement {{{(i)}}}ssues == | ||
| 304 | |||
| 305 | 55. W{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n each data source, spec{{{(i)}}}al methodolog{{{(i)}}}es should be developed to deal w{{{(i)}}}th the part{{{(i)}}}cular measurement {{{(i)}}}ssues concern{{{(i)}}}ng {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on. For example: | ||
| 306 | |||
| 307 | * (a) {{{(i)}}}n measur{{{(i)}}}ng category 14(a) (usual res{{{(i)}}}dents) of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], us{{{(i)}}}ng household surveys, such as [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] surveys, {{{(i)}}}t {{{(i)}}}s essent{{{(i)}}}al that {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on on m{{{(i)}}}grant status and (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) status be collected and matched at the level of {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}duals. Data collect{{{(i)}}}on {{{(i)}}}nstruments should be developed to perm{{{(i)}}}t such l{{{(i)}}}nkage; | ||
| 308 | * (b) s{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}larly, {{{(i)}}}n measur{{{(i)}}}ng returned [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] us{{{(i)}}}ng household surveys such as [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] surveys, data collect{{{(i)}}}on {{{(i)}}}nstruments should be developed to collect and perm{{{(i)}}}t l{{{(i)}}}nkage between data on past or last m{{{(i)}}}grant status and correspond{{{(i)}}}ng past or last (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) status {{{(i)}}}n the country of labour attachment at the level of {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}duals; | ||
| 309 | * (c) {{{(i)}}}n measur{{{(i)}}}ng category 14(b) (not usual res{{{(i)}}}dents) of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], us{{{(i)}}}ng adm{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}strat{{{(i)}}}ve records of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) perm{{{(i)}}}ts or survey data at the place of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}n the country of measurement, spec{{{(i)}}}al methodolog{{{(i)}}}es should be developed to avo{{{(i)}}}d double‐count{{{(i)}}}ng of {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}duals (e.g. count{{{(i)}}}ng all adm{{{(i)}}}ss{{{(i)}}}ons rather than only f{{{(i)}}}rst‐t{{{(i)}}}me entr{{{(i)}}}es dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od) and to take {{{(i)}}}nto account s{{{(i)}}}tuat{{{(i)}}}ons {{{(i)}}}n wh{{{(i)}}}ch the worker has mult{{{(i)}}}ple employers or {{{(i)}}}s engaged {{{(i)}}}n more than one establ{{{(i)}}}shment. Results may be compared w{{{(i)}}}th correspond{{{(i)}}}ng data obta{{{(i)}}}ned from household surveys, such as [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] surveys conducted {{{(i)}}}n the country of usual res{{{(i)}}}dents; | ||
| 310 | * (d) s{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}larly, {{{(i)}}}n measur{{{(i)}}}ng the {{{(i)}}}nflow of for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants or the outflow of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]] us{{{(i)}}}ng adm{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}strat{{{(i)}}}ve sources, spec{{{(i)}}}al care should be taken to strengthen these sources to ensure, to the extent poss{{{(i)}}}ble, the accuracy of the {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on {{{(i)}}}n order to adequately {{{(i)}}}dent{{{(i)}}}fy target populat{{{(i)}}}ons; | ||
| 311 | * (e) f{{{(i)}}}nally, {{{(i)}}}n measur{{{(i)}}}ng part{{{(i)}}}cular subcategor{{{(i)}}}es of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], such as undocumented workers or externally d{{{(i)}}}splaced workers l{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ng and (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) {{{(i)}}}n camps, spec{{{(i)}}}al sampl{{{(i)}}}ng procedures should be developed that are capable of captur{{{(i)}}}ng s{{{(i)}}}gn{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}cant and representat{{{(i)}}}ve samples of these elus{{{(i)}}}ve populat{{{(i)}}}ons, wh{{{(i)}}}ch are often covered only partly or not at all {{{(i)}}}n convent{{{(i)}}}onal censuses and sample surveys. | ||
| 312 | |||
| 313 | == ILO global est{{{(i)}}}mates == | ||
| 314 | |||
| 315 | 56. Internat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on {{{(i)}}}s a r{{{(i)}}}s{{{(i)}}}ng pol{{{(i)}}}cy pr{{{(i)}}}or{{{(i)}}}ty. To be effect{{{(i)}}}ve, {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on pol{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}es must be grounded {{{(i)}}}n robust ev{{{(i)}}}dence. For th{{{(i)}}}s purpose, data on the number of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], the{{{(i)}}}r d{{{(i)}}}str{{{(i)}}}but{{{(i)}}}on by sector of econom{{{(i)}}}c act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty and the{{{(i)}}}r (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) status are urgently needed. In order to f{{{(i)}}}ll th{{{(i)}}}s knowledge gap, the ILO developed a comprehens{{{(i)}}}ve methodology for global and reg{{{(i)}}}onal est{{{(i)}}}mates of m{{{(i)}}}grant workers and generated est{{{(i)}}}mates w{{{(i)}}}th the reference year 2013. That methodology has been further {{{(i)}}}mproved and used to generate new global est{{{(i)}}}mates w{{{(i)}}}th the reference year 2017, wh{{{(i)}}}ch are due for publ{{{(i)}}}cat{{{(i)}}}on {{{(i)}}}n 2018 and should be updated per{{{(i)}}}od{{{(i)}}}cally. The qual{{{(i)}}}ty of global est{{{(i)}}}mates depends on the completeness and qual{{{(i)}}}ty of the source data ava{{{(i)}}}lable from countr{{{(i)}}}es, requ{{{(i)}}}r{{{(i)}}}ng pers{{{(i)}}}stent effort to {{{(i)}}}mprove those sources. | ||
| 316 | |||
| 317 | == ILO database == | ||
| 318 | |||
| 319 | 57. The ILO Internat{{{(i)}}}onal Labour M{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs (ILMS) database {{{(i)}}}s currently hosted as a spec{{{(i)}}}al collect{{{(i)}}}on w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n the ILOSTAT database and {{{(i)}}}s freely ava{{{(i)}}}lable to users onl{{{(i)}}}ne. The database focuses on: | ||
| 320 | |||
| 321 | * (a) prov{{{(i)}}}d{{{(i)}}}ng an openly ava{{{(i)}}}lable, relevant and comprehens{{{(i)}}}ve {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on source to enable ev{{{(i)}}}dence‐based pol{{{(i)}}}cy‐mak{{{(i)}}}ng on {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on; | ||
| 322 | * (b) mapp{{{(i)}}}ng the ex{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ng data sources that countr{{{(i)}}}es collect, {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng the{{{(i)}}}r qual{{{(i)}}}ty, scope, completeness and comparab{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty and poss{{{(i)}}}ble weaknesses that can be f{{{(i)}}}lled through capac{{{(i)}}}ty‐bu{{{(i)}}}ld{{{(i)}}}ng; | ||
| 323 | * (d) def{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}ng a set of relevant tables on {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on as a standard reference‐po{{{(i)}}}nt for future data collect{{{(i)}}}on and report{{{(i)}}}ng, as well as for assess{{{(i)}}}ng ongo{{{(i)}}}ng capac{{{(i)}}}ty‐bu{{{(i)}}}ld{{{(i)}}}ng efforts. | ||
| 324 | |||
| 325 | 58. The ILO {{{(i)}}}s gradually extend{{{(i)}}}ng the ILMS database to cover all ILO member States. All data are gender‐d{{{(i)}}}saggregated. | ||
| 326 | |||
| 327 | = Future act{{{(i)}}}ons = | ||
| 328 | |||
| 329 | == ILO methodolog{{{(i)}}}cal work == | ||
| 330 | |||
| 331 | 59. The ILO, {{{(i)}}}n collaborat{{{(i)}}}on w{{{(i)}}}th {{{(i)}}}nterested countr{{{(i)}}}es, {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal and reg{{{(i)}}}onal organ{{{(i)}}}zat{{{(i)}}}ons, and workers’ and employers’ representat{{{(i)}}}ves, should cont{{{(i)}}}nue methodolog{{{(i)}}}cal (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) relat{{{(i)}}}ng to these gu{{{(i)}}}del{{{(i)}}}nes, {{{(i)}}}n part{{{(i)}}}cular, on appropr{{{(i)}}}ate methodolog{{{(i)}}}es for captur{{{(i)}}}ng and collect{{{(i)}}}ng data on the ma{{{(i)}}}n categor{{{(i)}}}es and subcategor{{{(i)}}}es of [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]], for‐(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grants, and return [[{{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Internat{{{(i)}}}onal m{{{(i)}}}grant workers.WebHome]]. The ILO should report the progress of {{{(i)}}}ts (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) to future sess{{{(i)}}}ons of the Internat{{{(i)}}}onal Conference of Labour Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}ans, as appropr{{{(i)}}}ate. | ||
| 332 | |||
| 333 | 60. To promote the {{{(i)}}}mplementat{{{(i)}}}on of these gu{{{(i)}}}del{{{(i)}}}nes, the ILO should carry out {{{(i)}}}ts (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) through the collaborat{{{(i)}}}ve mechan{{{(i)}}}sm, focused on: | ||
| 334 | |||
| 335 | * (a) w{{{(i)}}}de d{{{(i)}}}ssem{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on and commun{{{(i)}}}cat{{{(i)}}}on of these gu{{{(i)}}}del{{{(i)}}}nes; | ||
| 336 | * (b) shar{{{(i)}}}ng good pract{{{(i)}}}ces among countr{{{(i)}}}es; | ||
| 337 | * (c) techn{{{(i)}}}cal ass{{{(i)}}}stance through tra{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}ng and capac{{{(i)}}}ty‐bu{{{(i)}}}ld{{{(i)}}}ng, espec{{{(i)}}}ally for nat{{{(i)}}}onal stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal agenc{{{(i)}}}es and relevant stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal serv{{{(i)}}}ces {{{(i)}}}n l{{{(i)}}}ne m{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}str{{{(i)}}}es; | ||
| 338 | * (d) {{{(i)}}}mplementat{{{(i)}}}on of conceptual and methodolog{{{(i)}}}cal (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%); | ||
| 339 | * (e) {{{(i)}}}mproved harmon{{{(i)}}}zat{{{(i)}}}on between mult{{{(i)}}}ple data sources, both adm{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}strat{{{(i)}}}ve and stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal, wh{{{(i)}}}ch {{{(i)}}}s essent{{{(i)}}}al for produc{{{(i)}}}ng more rel{{{(i)}}}able global, reg{{{(i)}}}onal and nat{{{(i)}}}onal est{{{(i)}}}mates of labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on; | ||
| 340 | * (f) better coord{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on between users and producers of labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on, {{{(i)}}}nvolv{{{(i)}}}ng soc{{{(i)}}}al partners when determ{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}ng nat{{{(i)}}}onal and {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal data needs; | ||
| 341 | * (g) ma{{{(i)}}}nstream{{{(i)}}}ng the labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on module {{{(i)}}}n [[labour force>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] surveys and nat{{{(i)}}}onal censuses, as appropr{{{(i)}}}ate, to ensure the qual{{{(i)}}}ty of the result{{{(i)}}}ng stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs, as relevant to the nat{{{(i)}}}onal context; | ||
| 342 | * (h) analys{{{(i)}}}s and presentat{{{(i)}}}on of stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on and m{{{(i)}}}grant workers, supported by appropr{{{(i)}}}ate techn{{{(i)}}}cal notes; | ||
| 343 | * ({{{(i)}}} ) collaborat{{{(i)}}}on w{{{(i)}}}th the Global Forum on M{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on and Development (GFMD) and contr{{{(i)}}}but{{{(i)}}}on to the {{{(i)}}}mplementat{{{(i)}}}on of the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular M{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on (as adopted). | ||
| 344 | |||
| 345 | == ILO techn{{{(i)}}}cal ass{{{(i)}}}stance == | ||
| 346 | |||
| 347 | 61. The ILO should expand {{{(i)}}}ts techn{{{(i)}}}cal ass{{{(i)}}}stance on labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs to support the {{{(i)}}}mplementat{{{(i)}}}on of these gu{{{(i)}}}del{{{(i)}}}nes by member countr{{{(i)}}}es. Such techn{{{(i)}}}cal ass{{{(i)}}}stance should {{{(i)}}}nclude the prov{{{(i)}}}s{{{(i)}}}on of techn{{{(i)}}}cal adv{{{(i)}}}ce and tra{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}ng that are targeted to enhance nat{{{(i)}}}onal capac{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es, where requ{{{(i)}}}red, and the prov{{{(i)}}}s{{{(i)}}}on of f{{{(i)}}}nanc{{{(i)}}}al support to countr{{{(i)}}}es for labour m{{{(i)}}}grat{{{(i)}}}on data collect{{{(i)}}}on and analys{{{(i)}}}s, to the extent poss{{{(i)}}}ble. | ||
| 348 | |||
| 349 | ---- | ||
| 350 | |||
| 351 | {{putFootnotes/}} |