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edited by Helena
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27 27  * (a) to identify the occupations and economic activities where occupational injuries occur, along with their extent, severity and the way in which they occur, as a basis for planning preventive measures;
28 28  * (b) to set priorities for preventive efforts;
29 29  * (c) to detect changes in the pattern and occurrence of occupational injuries, so as to monitor improvements in safety and reveal any new areas of risk;
30 -* (d) to inform employers, employers’ organizations, workers and workers’ organizations of the risks associated with their (% style="color: rgb(231, 76, 60); color: rgb(231, 76, 60)" %)work(%%) and workplaces, so that they can take an active part in their own safety;
30 +* (d) to inform employers, employers’ organizations, workers and workers’ organizations of the risks associated with their (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) and workplaces, so that they can take an active part in their own safety;
31 31  * (e) to evaluate the effectiveness of preventive measures;
32 32  * (f) to estimate the consequences of occupational injuries, particularly in terms of days lost or costs;
33 33  * (g) to provide a basis for policy-making aimed at encouraging employers, employers’ organizations, workers and workers’ organizations to introduce accident prevention measures;
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53 53  
54 54  6. The various sources of statistics should, where practical, cover all occupational injuries, as defined in paragraph 5, including non-fatal injuries causing an absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) of at least one day, excluding the day of the accident, and fatal injuries. Where it is practical and considered relevant to include injuries resulting from commuting accidents, the information relating to them should be compiled and disseminated separately.
55 55  
56 -7. Where practical, the statistics should cover all workers regardless of their status in [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] (for example, [[employee>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]], employer and own-account worker). The coverage should include child workers,[[(% class="wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink" %)^^~[1~]^^>>path:#_ftn1]](%%) [[informal sector>>doc:working:Glossary.Informal sector.WebHome]] workers and homeworkers, where they exist.
56 +7. Where practical, the statistics should cover all workers regardless of their status in [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] (for example, [[employee>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]], employer and own-account worker). The coverage should include child workers,[[(% class="wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink" %)^^~[1~]^^>>path:#_ftn1]](%%) [[informal sector>>doc:working:Glossary.Informal sector.WebHome]] workers and homeworkers, where they exist.
57 57  
58 58  8. The statistics should in principle cover the whole country, all branches of economic activity and all sectors of the economy. A case of occupational injury occurring while a worker is outside the country of normal residence should be included in the statistics of the country within whose jurisdiction the accident took place.
59 59  
... ... @@ -74,57 +74,55 @@
74 74  ** (ii) type of injury;
75 75  ** (iii) part of body injured;
76 76  * (d) information
77 +** (i) about the accident and its circumstances: type of location of the accident: //such as the usual workplace, another place within the establishment, outside the premises of the establishment//;
78 +** (ii) date and time of the accident;
79 +** (iii) mode of injury: //how the person was injured by a physical contact with an item or object which caused the injury or was psychologically affected by an event; if there are several injuries, the mode of the most serious injury should be recorded//;
80 +** (iv) material agency of injury: //the item, agent, object or product associated with the injury, i.e. the physical tool, object, element, etc. with which the victim came into contact and was injured by; if there are several injuries, the material agency associated with the most serious injury should be recorded.//
77 77  
78 -* about the accident and its circumstances:
79 -* type of location of the accident: //such as the usual workplace, another place within the establishment, outside the premises of the establishment//;
80 -* date and time of the accident;
81 -* mode of injury: //how the person was injured by a physical contact with an item or object which caused the injury or was psychologically affected by an event; if there are several injuries, the mode of the most serious injury should be recorded//;
82 -* material agency of injury: //the item, agent, object or product associated with the injury, i.e.//
83 -* //the physical tool, object, element, etc. with which the victim came into contact and was injured by; if there are several injuries, the material agency associated with the most serious injury should be recorded.//
84 -
85 85  10. The programme of statistics can include studies to assess the value of further information as, for example, given below. Countries which thus find this or other information useful could continue to develop their programme of statistics further, especially for more serious cases of occupational injuries and fatalities.
86 86  
87 -* (a)        information about the injury:
88 -* incapacity for (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) expressed in calendar days of absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%); (b) information about the accident and its circumstances:
89 -* shift, start time of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) of the injured person and hours (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) in the activity when the accident occurred;
90 -* the total number of workers injured in the accident;
91 -* place of occurrence: //the type of place where the accident occurred, such as a production or construction area, trade or service area, farm, street or highway//;
92 -* (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) process in which the injured person was engaged when the accident occurred: //the main type or kind of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) being carried out by the victim during the period up to the accident (this is a subset of the tasks covered by the occupation of the victim), such as setting up machines, cleaning of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)working(%%) area, teaching//;
93 -* specific activity of the injured person at the time of the accident: //the activity actually being carried out by the victim when the accident occurred; the duration of the activity may range from very short to long; it may or may not be associated with an item or object, such as feeding the machine, operating transport equipment, carrying loads//;
94 -* material agency associated with the specific activity of the injured person: //the tool, object, element, product, etc., used by the victim in the specific activity when the accident happened (this may not necessarily be implicated in the accident), such as floors, doors, hand tools, mobile cranes;//
95 -* deviation which resulted in the accident: //what occurred in an abnormal way, deviating from the normal way of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)working(%%) or the normal process, i.e. what went wrong, the event leading to the accident, such as breakage, loss of control of machine, fall of person, aggression; if there are several interlinked or successive events, the last one should be recorded;//
96 -* material agency associated with the deviation: //the tool, object, element, product, etc. linked with what occurred in an abnormal way, such as floors, doors, hand tools, mobile cranes.//
84 +* (a) information about the injury:
85 +** (i) incapacity for (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) expressed in calendar days of absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%);
86 +* (b) information about the accident and its circumstances:
87 +** (i) shift, start time of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) of the injured person and hours (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) in the activity when the accident occurred;
88 +** (ii) the total number of workers injured in the accident;
89 +** (iii)place of occurrence: //the type of place where the accident occurred, such as a production or construction area, trade or service area, farm, street or highway//;
90 +** (iv) (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) process in which the injured person was engaged when the accident occurred: //the main type or kind of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) being carried out by the victim during the period up to the accident (this is a subset of the tasks covered by the occupation of the victim), such as setting up machines, cleaning of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)working(%%) area, teaching//;
91 +** (v) specific activity of the injured person at the time of the accident: //the activity actually being carried out by the victim when the accident occurred; the duration of the activity may range from very short to long; it may or may not be associated with an item or object, such as feeding the machine, operating transport equipment, carrying loads//;
92 +** (vi) material agency associated with the specific activity of the injured person: //the tool, object, element, product, etc., used by the victim in the specific activity when the accident happened (this may not necessarily be implicated in the accident), such as floors, doors, hand tools, mobile cranes;//
93 +** (vii) deviation which resulted in the accident: //what occurred in an abnormal way, deviating from the normal way of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)working(%%) or the normal process, i.e. what went wrong, the event leading to the accident, such as breakage, loss of control of machine, fall of person, aggression; if there are several interlinked or successive events, the last one should be recorded;//
94 +** (viii) material agency associated with the deviation: //the tool, object, element, product, etc. linked with what occurred in an abnormal way, such as floors, doors, hand tools, mobile cranes.//
97 97  
98 98  ~11. Where injuries due to commuting accidents are covered, information corresponding to that provided for in paragraph 9 should be collected, as well as the following:
99 99  
100 -* place of accident;
101 -* the injured person’s mode of transport;
102 -* the injured person’s transport role;
103 -* the mode of transport of the counterpart (if any).
98 +* (a) place of accident;
99 +* (b) the injured person’s mode of transport;
100 +* (c) the injured person’s transport role;
101 +* (d) the mode of transport of the counterpart (if any).
104 104  
105 105  = Measurement =
106 106  
107 107  == //Occupational injury// ==
108 108  
109 -The unit of observation should be the //case of occupational injury//, i.e. the case of one worker incurring an occupational injury as a result of one occupational accident. If a person is injured in more than one occupational accident during the reference period, each case of injury to that person should be counted separately. Recurrent absences due to an injury resulting from a single occupational accident should be treated as the continuation of the same case of occupational injury, not as new cases. Where more than one person is injured in a single accident, each case of occupational injury should be counted separately.
107 +12. The unit of observation should be the //case of occupational injury//, i.e. the case of one worker incurring an occupational injury as a result of one occupational accident. If a person is injured in more than one occupational accident during the reference period, each case of injury to that person should be counted separately. Recurrent absences due to an injury resulting from a single occupational accident should be treated as the continuation of the same case of occupational injury, not as new cases. Where more than one person is injured in a single accident, each case of occupational injury should be counted separately.
110 110  
111 111  == //Fatal occupational injury// ==
112 112  
113 -For measurement purposes, a fatal occupational injury is an occupational injury leading to death within one year of the day of the occupational accident.
111 +13. For measurement purposes, a fatal occupational injury is an occupational injury leading to death within one year of the day of the occupational accident.
114 114  
115 115  == //Time lost due to occupational injuries// ==
116 116  
117 -Time lost should be measured separately for each case of occupational injury leading to temporary incapacity for (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) of a maximum of one year. In order to assess the severity of the injury, time lost should be measured in terms of the number of calendar days during which the injured person is temporarily incapacitated, based on the information available at the time the statistics are compiled. If it is measured in workdays, attempts should be made to assess the total number of calendar days lost.
115 +14. Time lost should be measured separately for each case of occupational injury leading to temporary incapacity for (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) of a maximum of one year. In order to assess the severity of the injury, time lost should be measured in terms of the number of calendar days during which the injured person is temporarily incapacitated, based on the information available at the time the statistics are compiled. If it is measured in workdays, attempts should be made to assess the total number of calendar days lost.
118 118  
119 -The time lost should be measured inclusively from the day after the day of the accident, to the day prior to the day of return to (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%). In the case of recurrent absences due to a single case of occupational injury, each period of absence should be measured as above, and the resulting number of days lost for each period summed to arrive at the total for the case of injury. Temporary absences from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) of less than one day for medical treatment should not be included in time lost.
117 +15. The time lost should be measured inclusively from the day after the day of the accident, to the day prior to the day of return to (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%). In the case of recurrent absences due to a single case of occupational injury, each period of absence should be measured as above, and the resulting number of days lost for each period summed to arrive at the total for the case of injury. Temporary absences from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) of less than one day for medical treatment should not be included in time lost.
120 120  
121 -The time lost as a result of permanent incapacity for (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) or fatal occupational injuries may also be estimated. In these cases, the data should be compiled and disseminated separately from data relating to temporary incapacity for (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%).
119 +16. The time lost as a result of permanent incapacity for (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) or fatal occupational injuries may also be estimated. In these cases, the data should be compiled and disseminated separately from data relating to temporary incapacity for (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%).
122 122  
123 123  = Reference period and periodicity =
124 124  
125 -For a given reference period, the statistics should relate to the number of cases of occupational injury occurring during the period and the total time lost as a result of those cases of injury. Cases of fatal injury should be included in the statistics for the reference period during which the occupational accident occurred.
123 +17. For a given reference period, the statistics should relate to the number of cases of occupational injury occurring during the period and the total time lost as a result of those cases of injury. Cases of fatal injury should be included in the statistics for the reference period during which the occupational accident occurred.
126 126  
127 -The statistics should be compiled at least once a year for a reference period of not more than a year. Where seasonal trends may be considered to be important, the statistics may be compiled more frequently, using [[shorter reference periods>>doc:working:Glossary.Short Reference Period.WebHome]], such as a month or a quarter.
125 +18. The statistics should be compiled at least once a year for a reference period of not more than a year. Where seasonal trends may be considered to be important, the statistics may be compiled more frequently, using [[shorter reference periods>>doc:working:Glossary.Short Reference Period.WebHome]], such as a month or a quarter.
128 128  
129 129  = Comparative measures =
130 130  
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132 132  
133 133  For each of the measures below, the numerator and the denominator should have the same coverage. For example, if self-[[employed persons>>doc:working:Glossary.Persons in Employment.WebHome]] are covered in the statistics of occupational injuries they should also be covered in the denominator.
134 134  
135 -The frequency rate of new cases of occupational injury: Number of new cases of occupational injury during the reference period x 1,000,000
133 +* (a) The frequency rate of new cases of occupational injury:
136 136  
137 -Total number of hours (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) by workers in the reference group during the reference period
135 +Number of new cases of occupational injury during the reference period
136 +~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~__ x 1,000,000
137 +Total number of hours worked by workers in the reference group during the reference period
138 138  
139 139  This may be calculated separately for fatal and non-fatal occupational injuries. Ideally, the denominator should be the number of [[hours actually worked>>doc:working:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] by workers in the reference group. If this is not possible, it may be calculated on the basis of normal hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%), taking into account entitlements to periods of paid absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%), such as paid vacations, paid sick leave and public holidays.
140 140  
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227 227  
228 228  Classification of economic activities
229 229  
230 -= International S tandard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities, Revision 3[[(% class="wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink" %)^^~[2~]^^>>path:#_ftn2]](%%)(tabulation categories and divisions) =
230 += International S tandard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities, Revision 3[[(% class="wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink" %)^^~[2~]^^>>path:#_ftn2]](%%)(tabulation categories and divisions) =
231 231  
232 232   **Code         Designation**
233 233  
... ... @@ -377,7 +377,7 @@
377 377  
378 378  = Classification according to size of enterprise, establishment or local unit =
379 379  
380 -The following size classes, expressed in terms of the average number of persons engaged in the enterprise, establishment or local unit are based on those recommended for international comparisons in the 1983 World Programme of Industrial Statistics.[[(% class="wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink" %)^^~[3~]^^>>path:#_ftn3]](%%) For national purposes, ranges should be established according to each country’s circumstances and needs.
380 +The following size classes, expressed in terms of the average number of persons engaged in the enterprise, establishment or local unit are based on those recommended for international comparisons in the 1983 World Programme of Industrial Statistics.[[(% class="wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink" %)^^~[3~]^^>>path:#_ftn3]](%%) For national purposes, ranges should be established according to each country’s circumstances and needs.
381 381  
382 382   **Code         Designation**
383 383  
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409 409  
410 410  Classification of occupations
411 411  
412 -International S tandard Classification of Occupations, IS CO-88[[(% class="wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink" %)^^~[4~]^^>>path:#_ftn4]](%%) (major groups and sub-major groups)
412 +International S tandard Classification of Occupations, IS CO-88[[(% class="wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink" %)^^~[4~]^^>>path:#_ftn4]](%%) (major groups and sub-major groups)
413 413  
414 414   **Code         Designation**
415 415  
... ... @@ -417,9 +417,9 @@
417 417  
418 418  Legislators and senior officials
419 419  
420 -Corporate managers[[(% class="wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink" %)^^~[5~]^^>>path:#_ftn5]]
420 +Corporate managers[[(% class="wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink" %)^^~[5~]^^>>path:#_ftn5]]
421 421  
422 -General managers[[(% class="wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink" %)^^~[6~]^^>>path:#_ftn6]]
422 +General managers[[(% class="wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink" %)^^~[6~]^^>>path:#_ftn6]]
423 423  
424 424   **2                Professionals**
425 425  
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491 491  
492 492  Classification according to status in [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]]
493 493  
494 -= International Classification of Status in Employment, ICS E-93[[(% class="wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink" %)^^~[7~]^^>>path:#_ftn7]](%%) =
494 += International Classification of Status in Employment, ICS E-93[[(% class="wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink" %)^^~[7~]^^>>path:#_ftn7]](%%) =
495 495  
496 496  The following text is an extract from the resolution concerning the International Classification of Status in [[Employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] (ICSE) adopted by the Fifteenth International Conference of Labour Statisticians (Geneva, 1993):
497 497  
498 -**II.  The ICSE-93 groups **[[(% class="wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink" %)^^~[8~]^^>>path:#_ftn8]]
498 +**II.  The ICSE-93 groups **[[(% class="wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink" %)^^~[8~]^^>>path:#_ftn8]]
499 499  
500 500   4.       The ICSE-93 consists of the following groups, which are defined in section III:
501 501  
... ... @@ -530,7 +530,7 @@
530 530  
531 531  == Classification according to type of injury ==
532 532  
533 -The following classification is based on the //International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems//, ICD-10.[[(% class="wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink" %)^^~[9~]^^>>path:#_ftn9]](%%) The most serious injury or disease sustained or suffered by the victim should be classified. Where several injuries have been incurred, the most serious one should be classified. The coding given below does not correspond to that given in ICD-10, due to differences in structure.
533 +The following classification is based on the //International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems//, ICD-10.[[(% class="wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink" %)^^~[9~]^^>>path:#_ftn9]](%%) The most serious injury or disease sustained or suffered by the victim should be classified. Where several injuries have been incurred, the most serious one should be classified. The coding given below does not correspond to that given in ICD-10, due to differences in structure.
534 534  
535 535   **Code          Designation**
536 536  
... ... @@ -612,7 +612,7 @@
612 612  
613 613  The following classification is based on the //International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related//
614 614  
615 -//Health Problems//, ICD-10.[[(% class="wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink" %)^^~[10~]^^>>path:#_ftn10]](%%) The groups relating to multiple locations should be used only to classify cases where the victim suffers from several injuries to different parts of the body and no injury is obviously more severe than the others. In order to designate the side of the body injured, a further digit may be added to the code for the part of body injured, where relevant, as follows:
615 +//Health Problems//, ICD-10.[[(% class="wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink wikiinternallink" %)^^~[10~]^^>>path:#_ftn10]](%%) The groups relating to multiple locations should be used only to classify cases where the victim suffers from several injuries to different parts of the body and no injury is obviously more severe than the others. In order to designate the side of the body injured, a further digit may be added to the code for the part of body injured, where relevant, as follows:
616 616  
617 617   1:       right side
618 618