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Last modified by Helena on 2025/07/31 14:15
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24 24  
25 25  4. The current statistics programme should cover: (a) statistics of average [[earnings>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]] and hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) (including, if possible, [[hours actually worked>>doc:working:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]]) and (b) statistics of time [[rates of wages>>doc:working:Glossary.Wage rates.WebHome]] and normal hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%).
26 26  
27 -(ii) The non-current statistics programme should include: (a) statistics of wage structure and distribution and (b) statistics of [[labour cost>>doc:working:Glossary.Labour cost.WebHome]].
27 +(ii) The non-current statistics programme should include: (a) statistics of wage structure and distribution and (b) statistics of [[labour cost>>doc:working:Glossary.Labour Cost.WebHome]].
28 28  
29 29  5. Statistics of hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) relevant to wages statistics should be compiled, so far as possible, in accordance with comprehensive guidelines given in the resolution of the Tenth International Conference of Labour Statisticians (1962) concerning statistics of hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%).
30 30  
31 -6. [[Labour cost>>doc:working:Glossary.Labour cost.WebHome]] statistics should be compiled, so far as possible, in accordance with the resolution of the Eleventh International Conference of Labour Statisticians (1966) concerning statistics of [[labour cost>>doc:working:Glossary.Labour cost.WebHome]].
31 +6. [[Labour cost>>doc:working:Glossary.Labour Cost.WebHome]] statistics should be compiled, so far as possible, in accordance with the resolution of the Eleventh International Conference of Labour Statisticians (1966) concerning statistics of [[labour cost>>doc:working:Glossary.Labour Cost.WebHome]].
32 32  
33 33  7. In view of the special problems of collection of the data, a separate programme of wages statistics should be drawn up for the agricultural sector, within the scope of the general framework of an integrated system of wages statistics, in accordance with the general recommendations below, so far as they are applicable and, so far as it is practicable to do so, also in accordance with the special recommendations on agricultural wages statistics which follow.
34 34  
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62 62  
63 63  15. In view of the dual nature of wages as cost to the employer and [[earnings>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]] of the [[employee>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]], it may be necessary to evaluate wage payments in kind according to both of these concepts.
64 64  
65 -16. In principle, for [[earnings>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]] statistics, payment in kind should be measured on the basis of the value accrued to the [[employee>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]], since [[earnings>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]] refer to the remuneration or income of a specified group of employed persons, whereas for statistics of [[wage rates>>doc:working:Glossary.Wage rates.WebHome]] and [[labour cost>>doc:working:Glossary.Labour cost.WebHome]] the evaluation should be done on the basis of cost to the employer since these data refer to the cost of units of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) time.
65 +16. In principle, for [[earnings>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]] statistics, payment in kind should be measured on the basis of the value accrued to the [[employee>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]], since [[earnings>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]] refer to the remuneration or income of a specified group of employed persons, whereas for statistics of [[wage rates>>doc:working:Glossary.Wage rates.WebHome]] and [[labour cost>>doc:working:Glossary.Labour Cost.WebHome]] the evaluation should be done on the basis of cost to the employer since these data refer to the cost of units of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) time.
66 66  
67 67  17. Evaluation of remuneration received in kind on the basis of retail market prices generally provides a reasonable estimate of the value accrued to the [[employee>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]]. This method is frequently followed when income data, including wages, are collected through household surveys.
68 68  
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80 80  
81 81  22. The current programme of statistics of average [[earnings>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]] and hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) should cover all important categories of wage earners and salaried [[employees>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]] in all major economic activities in the country.
82 82  
83 -23. Statistical inquiries on [[earnings>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]] and hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) may often be advantageously combined with a current survey of establishments carried out for purposes of [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]], using the whole of the sample of establishments or a sub-sample. Some other current surveys may lend themselves to the collection of data on [[earnings>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]] and hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%).
83 +23. Statistical inquiries on [[earnings>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]] and hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) may often be advantageously combined with a current survey of establishments carried out for purposes of [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment.WebHome]], using the whole of the sample of establishments or a sub-sample. Some other current surveys may lend themselves to the collection of data on [[earnings>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]] and hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%).
84 84  
85 85  24. While compilation of statistics of average [[earnings>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]] and hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) on a monthly basis is desirable, this imposes a heavy burden on establishments and on statistical offices. On the other hand, half-yearly or annual collection of data does not provide adequate indicators of short-term seasonal variations or trends. As a minimum, the current programme should include the compilation of quarterly statistics of average [[earnings>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]] and hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%).
86 86  
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132 132  
133 133  = Agricultural wages statistics =
134 134  
135 -44. The concepts and definitions given above would be generally applicable to the agricultural sector. Such adaptations as may be necessary in particular countries to meet special conditions in agriculture would normally not be of a fundamental character. Although the international definition of [[labour cost>>doc:working:Glossary.Labour cost.WebHome]] is also applicable to the whole agricultural sector, statistics of [[labour cost>>doc:working:Glossary.Labour cost.WebHome]] in the traditional subsector of agriculture would not be very meaningful since hired labour constitutes only a minor part of total labour input.
135 +44. The concepts and definitions given above would be generally applicable to the agricultural sector. Such adaptations as may be necessary in particular countries to meet special conditions in agriculture would normally not be of a fundamental character. Although the international definition of [[labour cost>>doc:working:Glossary.Labour Cost.WebHome]] is also applicable to the whole agricultural sector, statistics of [[labour cost>>doc:working:Glossary.Labour Cost.WebHome]] in the traditional subsector of agriculture would not be very meaningful since hired labour constitutes only a minor part of total labour input.
136 136  
137 137  45. For purposes of wage statistics, the agricultural sector should comprise major groups 111 (Agricultural and Livestock Production) and 112 (Agricultural Services) of the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities. In certain circumstances, it may be desirable to compile data separately for each of these major groups.
138 138  
139 -46. As the factors affecting wages, hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) and other conditions of [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] in hunting, trapping and game propagation (major group 113 of the ISIC), forestry and logging (division 12) and fishing (division 13) are generally different from those concerning agriculture, these activities should normally be excluded from the scope of agricultural wages statistics.
139 +46. As the factors affecting wages, hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) and other conditions of [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment.WebHome]] in hunting, trapping and game propagation (major group 113 of the ISIC), forestry and logging (division 12) and fishing (division 13) are generally different from those concerning agriculture, these activities should normally be excluded from the scope of agricultural wages statistics.
140 140  
141 141  47. The definition of "agricultural (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%)" established for the 1970 World Census of Agriculture should be adopted for the purposes of wages statistics, so far as possible. By agricultural (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) or agricultural activities is meant any farm (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) or planning necessary to the operation of the holding.
142 142  
143 143  48. Wherever possible, separate data should be compiled for permanent or regular [[employees>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]] and others, such as temporary and casual workers.
144 144  
145 -49. In developed countries and for the modern agricultural sector in developing countries, statistics of [[earnings>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]] based on payrolls and other records of employers should be collected, using the agricultural holding as the reporting unit. However, agricultural [[employees>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]], apart from permanent [[employees>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]], are not necessarily attached to one particular agricultural holding. Notably in developing countries, more especially in the traditional sector of agriculture, prolonged continuous [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] with the same employer is relatively rare and, in addition, some workers alternate between (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)working(%%) for wages and self-[[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]], or between agricultural and non-agricultural [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]]. In such situations, the agricultural holding is not the most suitable reporting unit for collection of certain types of data, especially for comprehensive statistics of average [[earnings>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]] during the year from agricultural [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] and for statistics of the corresponding hours (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%).
145 +49. In developed countries and for the modern agricultural sector in developing countries, statistics of [[earnings>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]] based on payrolls and other records of employers should be collected, using the agricultural holding as the reporting unit. However, agricultural [[employees>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]], apart from permanent [[employees>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]], are not necessarily attached to one particular agricultural holding. Notably in developing countries, more especially in the traditional sector of agriculture, prolonged continuous [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment.WebHome]] with the same employer is relatively rare and, in addition, some workers alternate between (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)working(%%) for wages and self-[[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment.WebHome]], or between agricultural and non-agricultural [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment.WebHome]]. In such situations, the agricultural holding is not the most suitable reporting unit for collection of certain types of data, especially for comprehensive statistics of average [[earnings>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]] during the year from agricultural [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment.WebHome]] and for statistics of the corresponding hours (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%).
146 146  
147 147  50. Statistics of agricultural wages in the traditional subsector may be obtained through household sample surveys. The principal activity criterion should be used for defining agricultural [[employees>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]]. A person would thus be considered to be an agricultural [[employee>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]] if the principal source of the income accrued to him during a specified reference period was agricultural wages.
148 148  
149 149  == Programme of agricultural wages statistics ==
150 150  
151 -51. National programmes of current and non-current agricultural wages statistics should be developed within the framework of an integrated system covering statistics of [[earnings>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]], [[wage rates>>doc:working:Glossary.Wage rates.WebHome]], hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) and [[labour cost>>doc:working:Glossary.Labour cost.WebHome]], so far as possible. Since the resources required for the production of agricultural wages statistics are substantial, particularly in developing countries, priorities should be carefully determined to ensure smooth and satisfactory progress of the national programme of wages statistics.
151 +51. National programmes of current and non-current agricultural wages statistics should be developed within the framework of an integrated system covering statistics of [[earnings>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]], [[wage rates>>doc:working:Glossary.Wage rates.WebHome]], hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) and [[labour cost>>doc:working:Glossary.Labour Cost.WebHome]], so far as possible. Since the resources required for the production of agricultural wages statistics are substantial, particularly in developing countries, priorities should be carefully determined to ensure smooth and satisfactory progress of the national programme of wages statistics.
152 152  
153 153  52. In the developing countries, in order to take account of the problems specific to them, separate subprogrammes of wages statistics should be developed for traditional and organised agriculture, where different methods and data collection techniques are needed. So far as possible, the data collected in the two subsectors should be suitable for combination to produce statistics for the agricultural sector as a whole.
154 154  
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168 168  
169 169  == Non-current agricultural wages statistics ==
170 170  
171 -59. Statistics of wage structure and distribution and of [[labour cost>>doc:working:Glossary.Labour cost.WebHome]] should be compiled for the organised subsector of agriculture at five-yearly intervals, based on results of surveys of agricultural establishments.
171 +59. Statistics of wage structure and distribution and of [[labour cost>>doc:working:Glossary.Labour Cost.WebHome]] should be compiled for the organised subsector of agriculture at five-yearly intervals, based on results of surveys of agricultural establishments.
172 172  
173 173  60 Since agricultural holdings commonly employ temporary and casual workers and the total [[earnings>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]] of these persons from agricultural (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) for the data reference period of a wage structure and distribution survey may not be fully reflected in the payroll records of the establishment, data could be collected from the [[employees>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]] currently (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)working(%%) on the holding on any additional [[earnings>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]] they had received in respect of paid (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) on other agricultural holdings during the reference period.
174 174