Changes for page Resolution concerning statistics of occupational injuries (resulting from occupational accidents)

Last modified by Helena on 2025/07/31 14:11

From 7.1 to 8.1 From 9.1 to 10.1

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edited by Helena
on 2025/06/20 15:07

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To version 9.1

edited by Helena
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	1	+Earnings\|Employees\|Employment Work\|Hours Actually Worked\|Informal sector\|Labour Force\|Persons in Employment\|Short Reference Period\|Work Activity\|Working Time

Content

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
  * (a) to identify the occupations and economic activities where occupational injuries occur, along with their extent, severity and the way in which they occur, as a basis for planning preventive measures;
  * (b) to set priorities for preventive efforts;
  * (c) to detect changes in the pattern and occurrence of occupational injuries, so as to monitor improvements in safety and reveal any new areas of risk;
--* (d) to inform employers, employers’ organizations, workers and workers’ organizations of the risks associated with their work and workplaces, so that they can take an active part in their own safety;
++* (d) to inform employers, employers’ organizations, workers and workers’ organizations of the risks associated with their (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) and workplaces, so that they can take an active part in their own safety;
  * (e) to evaluate the effectiveness of preventive measures;
  * (f) to estimate the consequences of occupational injuries, particularly in terms of days lost or costs;
  * (g) to provide a basis for policy-making aimed at encouraging employers, employers’ organizations, workers and workers’ organizations to introduce accident prevention measures;
@@ -40,19 +40,19 @@
 . For the purposes of statistics of occupational injuries, the following terms and definitions are used:
--* (a) //occupational accident//: an unexpected and unplanned occurrence, including acts of violence, arising out of or in connection with work which results in one or more workers incurring a personal injury, disease or death; as occupational accidents are to be considered travel, transport or road traffic accidents in which workers are injured and which arise out of or in the course of work, i.e. while engaged in an economic activity, or at work, or carrying on the business of the employer;
--* (b) //commuting accident//: an accident occurring on the habitual route, in either direction, between the place of work or work-related training and:
++* (a) //occupational accident//: an unexpected and unplanned occurrence, including acts of violence, arising out of or in connection with (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) which results in one or more workers incurring a personal injury, disease or death; as occupational accidents are to be considered travel, transport or road traffic accidents in which workers are injured and which arise out of or in the course of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%), i.e. while engaged in an economic activity, or at (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%), or carrying on the business of the employer;
++* (b) //commuting accident//: an accident occurring on the habitual route, in either direction, between the place of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) or (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%)-related training and:
  ** (i ) the worker’s principal or secondary residence;
  ** (ii) the place where the worker usually takes his or her meals; or (iii) the place where he or she usually receives his or her remuneration; which results in death or personal injury;
--* (c) //occupational injury//: any personal injury, disease or death resulting from an occupational accident; an occupational injury is therefore distinct from an occupational disease, which is a disease contracted as a result of an exposure over a period of time to risk factors arising from work activity;
++* (c) //occupational injury//: any personal injury, disease or death resulting from an occupational accident; an occupational injury is therefore distinct from an occupational disease, which is a disease contracted as a result of an exposure over a period of time to risk factors arising from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) activity;
  * (d) //case of occupational injury//: the case of one worker incurring an occupational injury as a result of one occupational accident;
--* (e) //incapacity for work//: inability of the victim, due to an occupational injury, to perform the normal duties of work in the job or post occupied at the time of the occupational accident.
++* (e) //incapacity for (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work//(%%): inability of the victim, due to an occupational injury, to perform the normal duties of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) in the [[job>>doc:working:Glossary.Work Activity.WebHome]] or post occupied at the time of the occupational accident.
  = Coverage =
--6. The various sources of statistics should, where practical, cover all occupational injuries, as defined in paragraph 5, including non-fatal injuries causing an absence from work of at least one day, excluding the day of the accident, and fatal injuries. Where it is practical and considered relevant to include injuries resulting from commuting accidents, the information relating to them should be compiled and disseminated separately.
++6. The various sources of statistics should, where practical, cover all occupational injuries, as defined in paragraph 5, including non-fatal injuries causing an absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) of at least one day, excluding the day of the accident, and fatal injuries. Where it is practical and considered relevant to include injuries resulting from commuting accidents, the information relating to them should be compiled and disseminated separately.
--7. Where practical, the statistics should cover all workers regardless of their status in employment (for example, employee, employer and own-account worker). The coverage should include child workers,{{footnote}}This inclusion should not be interpreted as condoning child labour.{{/footnote}} informal sector workers and homeworkers, where they exist.
++7. Where practical, the statistics should cover all workers regardless of their status in [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] (for example, [[employee>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]], employer and own-account worker). The coverage should include child workers,{{footnote}}This inclusion should not be interpreted as condoning child labour.{{/footnote}} [[informal sector>>doc:working:Glossary.Informal sector.WebHome]] workers and homeworkers, where they exist.
 . The statistics should in principle cover the whole country, all branches of economic activity and all sectors of the economy. A case of occupational injury occurring while a worker is outside the country of normal residence should be included in the statistics of the country within whose jurisdiction the accident took place.
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
  ** (i ) sex;
  ** (ii) age;
  ** (iii) occupation;
--** (iv) status in employment;
++** (iv) status in [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]];
  * (c) information about the injury:
  ** (i ) whether fatal or non-fatal;
  ** (ii) type of injury;
@@ -82,15 +82,15 @@
 . The programme of statistics can include studies to assess the value of further information as, for example, given below. Countries which thus find this or other information useful could continue to develop their programme of statistics further, especially for more serious cases of occupational injuries and fatalities.
  * (a) information about the injury:
--** (i ) incapacity for work expressed in calendar days of absence from work;
++** (i ) incapacity for (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) expressed in calendar days of absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%);
  * (b) information about the accident and its circumstances:
--** (i ) shift, start time of work of the injured person and hours worked in the activity when the accident occurred;
++** (i ) shift, start time of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) of the injured person and hours (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) in the activity when the accident occurred;
  ** (ii) the total number of workers injured in the accident;
  ** (iii) place of occurrence: //the type of place where the accident occurred, such as a production or construction area, trade or service area, farm, street or highway//;
--** (iv) work process in which the injured person was engaged when the accident occurred: //the main type or kind of work being carried out by the victim during the period up to the accident (this is a subset of the tasks covered by the occupation of the victim), such as setting up machines, cleaning of working area, teaching//;
++** (iv) (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) process in which the injured person was engaged when the accident occurred: //the main type or kind of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) being carried out by the victim during the period up to the accident (this is a subset of the tasks covered by the occupation of the victim), such as setting up machines, cleaning of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)working(%%) area, teaching//;
  ** (v) specific activity of the injured person at the time of the accident: //the activity actually being carried out by the victim when the accident occurred; the duration of the activity may range from very short to long; it may or may not be associated with an item or object, such as feeding the machine, operating transport equipment, carrying loads//;
  ** (vi) material agency associated with the specific activity of the injured person: //the tool, object, element, product, etc., used by the victim in the specific activity when the accident happened (this may not necessarily be implicated in the accident), such as floors, doors, hand tools, mobile cranes;//
--** (vii) deviation which resulted in the accident: //what occurred in an abnormal way, deviating from the normal way of working or the normal process, i.e. what went wrong, the event leading to the accident, such as breakage, loss of control of machine, fall of person, aggression; if there are several interlinked or successive events, the last one should be recorded;//
++** (vii) deviation which resulted in the accident: //what occurred in an abnormal way, deviating from the normal way of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)working(%%) or the normal process, i.e. what went wrong, the event leading to the accident, such as breakage, loss of control of machine, fall of person, aggression; if there are several interlinked or successive events, the last one should be recorded;//
  ** (viii) material agency associated with the deviation: //the tool, object, element, product, etc. linked with what occurred in an abnormal way, such as floors, doors, hand tools, mobile cranes.//
  ~11. Where injuries due to commuting accidents are covered, information corresponding to that provided for in paragraph 9 should be collected, as well as the following:
@@ -112,48 +112,48 @@
  == //Time lost due to occupational injuries// ==
--14. Time lost should be measured separately for each case of occupational injury leading to temporary incapacity for work of a maximum of one year. In order to assess the severity of the injury, time lost should be measured in terms of the number of calendar days during which the injured person is temporarily incapacitated, based on the information available at the time the statistics are compiled. If it is measured in workdays, attempts should be made to assess the total number of calendar days lost.
++14. Time lost should be measured separately for each case of occupational injury leading to temporary incapacity for (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) of a maximum of one year. In order to assess the severity of the injury, time lost should be measured in terms of the number of calendar days during which the injured person is temporarily incapacitated, based on the information available at the time the statistics are compiled. If it is measured in workdays, attempts should be made to assess the total number of calendar days lost.
--15. The time lost should be measured inclusively from the day after the day of the accident, to the day prior to the day of return to work. In the case of recurrent absences due to a single case of occupational injury, each period of absence should be measured as above, and the resulting number of days lost for each period summed to arrive at the total for the case of injury. Temporary absences from work of less than one day for medical treatment should not be included in time lost.
++15. The time lost should be measured inclusively from the day after the day of the accident, to the day prior to the day of return to (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%). In the case of recurrent absences due to a single case of occupational injury, each period of absence should be measured as above, and the resulting number of days lost for each period summed to arrive at the total for the case of injury. Temporary absences from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) of less than one day for medical treatment should not be included in time lost.
--16. The time lost as a result of permanent incapacity for work or fatal occupational injuries may also be estimated. In these cases, the data should be compiled and disseminated separately from data relating to temporary incapacity for work.
++16. The time lost as a result of permanent incapacity for (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) or fatal occupational injuries may also be estimated. In these cases, the data should be compiled and disseminated separately from data relating to temporary incapacity for (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%).
  = Reference period and periodicity =
 . For a given reference period, the statistics should relate to the number of cases of occupational injury occurring during the period and the total time lost as a result of those cases of injury. Cases of fatal injury should be included in the statistics for the reference period during which the occupational accident occurred.
--18. The statistics should be compiled at least once a year for a reference period of not more than a year. Where seasonal trends may be considered to be important, the statistics may be compiled more frequently, using shorter reference periods, such as a month or a quarter.
++18. The statistics should be compiled at least once a year for a reference period of not more than a year. Where seasonal trends may be considered to be important, the statistics may be compiled more frequently, using [[shorter reference periods>>doc:working:Glossary.Short Reference Period.WebHome]], such as a month or a quarter.
  = Comparative measures =
--19. In order to permit meaningful comparisons of the statistics, for example between different periods, economic activities, regions and countries, account needs to be taken of the differences in employment size, changes in the number of workers in the reference group, as well as in the hours worked by those in the reference group. A number of rates which take into account these differences may be calculated, including the following measures, which are among those most useful for comparing information at both the national and international levels. The term “workers in the reference group” refers to those workers in the particular group under consideration and covered by the source of the statistics of occupational injuries (for example those of a specific sex or in a specific economic activity, occupation, region, age group, or any combination of these, or those covered by a particular insurance scheme).
++19. In order to permit meaningful comparisons of the statistics, for example between different periods, economic activities, regions and countries, account needs to be taken of the differences in [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] size, changes in the number of workers in the reference group, as well as in the hours (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) by those in the reference group. A number of rates which take into account these differences may be calculated, including the following measures, which are among those most useful for comparing information at both the national and international levels. The term “workers in the reference group” refers to those workers in the particular group under consideration and covered by the source of the statistics of occupational injuries (for example those of a specific sex or in a specific economic activity, occupation, region, age group, or any combination of these, or those covered by a particular insurance scheme).
--For each of the measures below, the numerator and the denominator should have the same coverage. For example, if self-employed persons are covered in the statistics of occupational injuries they should also be covered in the denominator.
++For each of the measures below, the numerator and the denominator should have the same coverage. For example, if self-[[employed persons>>doc:working:Glossary.Persons in Employment.WebHome]] are covered in the statistics of occupational injuries they should also be covered in the denominator.
  * (a) The frequency rate of new cases of occupational injury:
  Number of new cases of occupational injury during the reference period
--~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~__ x 1,000,000
--Total number of hours worked by workers in the reference group during the reference period
++_ x 1,000,000
++Total number of hours (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) by workers in the reference group during the reference period
--This may be calculated separately for fatal and non-fatal occupational injuries. Ideally, the denominator should be the number of hours actually worked by workers in the reference group. If this is not possible, it may be calculated on the basis of normal hours of work, taking into account entitlements to periods of paid absence from work, such as paid vacations, paid sick leave and public holidays.
++This may be calculated separately for fatal and non-fatal occupational injuries. Ideally, the denominator should be the number of [[hours actually worked>>doc:working:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] by workers in the reference group. If this is not possible, it may be calculated on the basis of normal hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%), taking into account entitlements to periods of paid absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%), such as paid vacations, paid sick leave and public holidays.
  * (b) The incidence rate of new cases of occupational injury:
  Number of new cases of occupational injury during the reference period
--~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~__ x 1,000
++_ x 1,000
  Total number of workers in the reference group during the reference period
--This may be calculated separately for fatal and non-fatal injuries. The number of workers in the reference group should be the average for the reference period. In calculating the average, account should be taken of the hours normally worked by those persons. The number of those working part time should be converted to full-time equivalents.
++This may be calculated separately for fatal and non-fatal injuries. The number of workers in the reference group should be the average for the reference period. In calculating the average, account should be taken of the hours normally (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) by those persons. The number of those (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)working(%%) part time should be converted to full-time equivalents.
  * (c) The severity rate of new cases of occupational injury:
  Number of days lost as a result of new cases of occupational injury during the reference period
--~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_ x 1,000,000
--Total amount of time worked by workers in the reference group during the reference period
++ x 1,000,000
++Total amount of time (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) by workers in the reference group during the reference period
--This should be calculated only for temporary incapacity for work. The amount of time worked by workers in the reference group should preferably be measured in hours worked.
++This should be calculated only for temporary incapacity for (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%). The amount of time (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) by workers in the reference group should preferably be measured in hours (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%).
  * (d) Days lost per new case of occupational injury:
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@
  = Sources of data =
--25. In compiling statistics of occupational injuries, various sources of information should be used in order to provide as full a picture as possible of the situation at a given point in time and to give an estimate of any under-reporting which may occur. For example, consideration could be given to periodically supplementing the information available from systems for the notification of compensation of occupational injuries by adding brief modules of questions to existing survey questionnaires, such as those used for establishment surveys for employment and wages, and for labour force surveys. In addition, the feasibility of developing new sources should be examined.
++25. In compiling statistics of occupational injuries, various sources of information should be used in order to provide as full a picture as possible of the situation at a given point in time and to give an estimate of any under-reporting which may occur. For example, consideration could be given to periodically supplementing the information available from systems for the notification of compensation of occupational injuries by adding brief modules of questions to existing survey questionnaires, such as those used for establishment surveys for [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] and [[wages>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]], and for [[labour force>>doc:working:Glossary.Labour Force.WebHome]] surveys. In addition, the feasibility of developing new sources should be examined.
 . Where data from different sources are used together, attempts should be made to ensure that the concepts, definitions, coverage and classifications used by the different sources are consistent. To this end, it would be useful to establish a coordinating committee at the national level, comprising representatives of government, other producers of statistics on occupational injuries, and employers’ and workers’ organizations. In addition, efforts should be made to harmonize the statistics compiled from different sources and by different bodies.
@@ -188,9 +188,9 @@
 . The data should be classified at least according to major branch of economic activity and as far as possible according to other significant characteristics of persons injured, of enterprises or establishments, of occupational injuries and of occupational accidents for which information is collected in accordance with paragraph 9. Countries should attempt to use classifications that are either comparable with or can be related to the most recent versions of the relevant international classifications, where these exist. Annexes A to F provide the most recent versions of the international classifications below, up to the second level, where available. It may however be desirable, for accident prevention purposes, for countries to classify their data at a greater level of detail.
  * //International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities// (ISIC), Revision 3 (1990).
--* Classification according to employment size of establishments, as in the// International Recommendations for Industrial Statistics, //Rev. 1 (1983).
++* Classification according to [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] size of establishments, as in the// International Recommendations for Industrial Statistics, //Rev. 1 (1983).
  * //International Standard Classification of Occupations, ISCO-88.//
--* //International Classification of Status in Employment, ICSE-93.//
++* //International Classification of Status in [[Employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]], ICSE-93.//
  * Type of injury, from the //International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, ICD-10 (//1992).
  * Part of body injured, from the// International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, ICD-10 (//1992).
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@
 . The ILO should develop and disseminate classifications to replace or supplement the existing schemes adopted by the Tenth ICLS in 1962, for variables such as those given below. Furthermore, the ILO should encourage and help countries to develop their own classifications to give further information which they can use for their purposes. For occupational injuries:
  * place of occurrence;
--* work process;
++* (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) process;
  * specific activity;
  * deviation;
  * material agency associated with the specific activity or the deviation.
@@ -217,9 +217,9 @@
  = Further action =
--29. The ILO should prepare a manual to provide technical guidance on the contents of this resolution. This manual should also cover the collection of information on occupational injuries in the informal sector and among child workers, the collection of information through household surveys and establishment surveys, the estimation of under-reporting and of costs of occupational injuries, the classifications to be developed as recommended in paragraphs 27 and 28, and how they should be applied, as well as the establishment of a mapping between ICD-10 and the classifications in Annexes E and F. It should also cooperate, as far as possible, with countries in the development of statistics of occupational injuries by providing technical assistance and training.
++29. The ILO should prepare a manual to provide technical guidance on the contents of this resolution. This manual should also cover the collection of information on occupational injuries in the [[informal sector>>doc:working:Glossary.Informal sector.WebHome]] and among child workers, the collection of information through household surveys and establishment surveys, the estimation of under-reporting and of costs of occupational injuries, the classifications to be developed as recommended in paragraphs 27 and 28, and how they should be applied, as well as the establishment of a mapping between ICD-10 and the classifications in Annexes E and F. It should also cooperate, as far as possible, with countries in the development of statistics of occupational injuries by providing technical assistance and training.
--30. Other areas for future work by the ILO include:
++30. Other areas for future (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) by the ILO include:
  * (a) developing standards for statistics of occupational diseases; and
  * (b) making worldwide estimates of the number of fatal occupational injuries.
@@ -376,8 +376,8 @@
  |(% style="width:69px" %) |(% style="width:124px" %)75|(% style="width:604px" %)Public administration and defence; compulsory social security
  |(% style="width:69px" %) |(% style="width:124px" %)**M**|(% style="width:604px" %)**Education**
  |(% style="width:69px" %) |(% style="width:124px" %)80|(% style="width:604px" %)Education
--|(% style="width:69px" %) |(% style="width:124px" %)**N**|(% style="width:604px" %)**Health and social work**
--|(% style="width:69px" %) |(% style="width:124px" %)85|(% style="width:604px" %)Health and social work
++|(% style="width:69px" %) |(% style="width:124px" %)**N**|(% style="width:604px" %)**Health and social (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%)**
++|(% style="width:69px" %) |(% style="width:124px" %)85|(% style="width:604px" %)Health and social (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work
  |(% style="width:69px" %) |(% style="width:124px" %)**O**|(% style="width:604px" %)**Other community, social and personal service activities**
  |(% style="width:69px" %) |(% style="width:124px" %)90|(% style="width:604px" %)(((
  Sewage and refuse disposal, sanitation and similar activities
@@ -389,8 +389,8 @@
  Recreational, cultural and sporting activities
  )))
  |(% style="width:69px" %) |(% style="width:124px" %)93|(% style="width:604px" %)Other service activities
--|(% style="width:69px" %) |(% style="width:124px" %)**P**|(% style="width:604px" %)**Private households with employed persons **
--|(% style="width:69px" %) |(% style="width:124px" %)95|(% style="width:604px" %)Private households with employed persons
++|(% style="width:69px" %) |(% style="width:124px" %)**P**|(% style="width:604px" %)**Private households with [[employed persons>>doc:working:Glossary.Persons in Employment.WebHome]] **
++|(% style="width:69px" %) |(% style="width:124px" %)95|(% style="width:604px" %)Private households with [[employed persons>>doc:working:Glossary.Persons in Employment.WebHome]]
  |(% style="width:69px" %) |(% style="width:124px" %)**Q**|(% style="width:604px" %)**Extra-territorial organizations and bodies**
  |(% style="width:69px" %) |(% style="width:124px" %)99|(% style="width:604px" %)Extra-territorial organizations and bodies
@@ -552,15 +552,15 @@
  = Annex D. lassification according to status in employment International Classification of Status in Employment, ICS E-93{{footnote}}For full details, see ILO, Report of the Conference, Fifteenth International Conference of Labour Statisticians (Geneva, 19-28 Jan. 1993), (Geneva, doc. ICLS/15/D.6(Rev. 1), 1993).{{/footnote}} =
--The following text is an extract from the resolution concerning the International Classification of Status in Employment (ICSE) adopted by the Fifteenth International Conference of Labour Statisticians (Geneva, 1993):
++The following text is an extract from the resolution concerning the International Classification of Status in [[Employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] (ICSE) adopted by the Fifteenth International Conference of Labour Statisticians (Geneva, 1993):
  **II. The ICSE-93 groups{{footnote}}For linguistic convenience the group titles and definitions have been formulated in a way which corresponds to the situation where each person holds only one job during the reference period. Rules for classifying persons with two or more jobs are given in section V.{{/footnote}}**
 . The ICSE-93 consists of the following groups, which are defined in section III:
--~1. employees;
++~1. [[employees>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]];
--among whom countries may need and be able to distinguish “employees with stable contracts” (including “regular employees”);
++among whom countries may need and be able to distinguish “[[employees>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]] with stable contracts” (including “regular [[employees>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]]”);
 . employers;
@@ -574,21 +574,21 @@
  **III. Group definitions**
--5. The groups in the ICSE-93 are defined with reference to the distinction between “paid employment” jobs on the one side and “selfemployment” jobs on the other. Groups are defined with reference to one or more aspects of the economic risk and/or the type of authority which the explicit or implicit employment contract gives the incumbents or to which it subjects them.
++5. The groups in the ICSE-93 are defined with reference to the distinction between “paid [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]]” [[jobs>>doc:working:Glossary.Work Activity.WebHome]] on the one side and “selfemployment” [[jobs>>doc:working:Glossary.Work Activity.WebHome]] on the other. Groups are defined with reference to one or more aspects of the economic risk and/or the type of authority which the explicit or implicit [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] contract gives the incumbents or to which it subjects them.
--6. Paid employment jobs are those jobs where the incumbents hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts which give them a basic remuneration which is not directly dependent upon the revenue of the unit for which they work (this unit can be a corporation, a non-profit institution, a government unit or a household). Some or all of the tools, capital equipment, information systems and/or premises used by the incumbents may be owned by others, and the incumbents may work under direct supervision of, or according to strict guidelines set by the owner(s) or persons in the owner’s employment. (Persons in “paid employment jobs” are typically remunerated by wages and salaries, but may be paid by commission from sales, by piece-rates, bonuses or in-kind payments such as food, housing or training.)
++6. Paid [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[jobs>>doc:working:Glossary.Work Activity.WebHome]] are those [[jobs>>doc:working:Glossary.Work Activity.WebHome]] where the incumbents hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] contracts which give them a basic remuneration which is not directly dependent upon the revenue of the unit for which they (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) (this unit can be a corporation, a non-profit institution, a government unit or a household). Some or all of the tools, capital equipment, information systems and/or premises used by the incumbents may be owned by others, and the incumbents may (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) under direct supervision of, or according to strict guidelines set by the owner(s) or persons in the owner’s [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]]. (Persons in “paid [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[jobs>>doc:working:Glossary.Work Activity.WebHome]]” are typically remunerated by [[wages>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]] and [[salaries>>doc:working:Glossary.Earnings.WebHome]], but may be paid by commission from sales, by piece-rates, bonuses or in-kind payments such as food, housing or training.)
--7. Self-employment jobs are those jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits (or the potential for profits) derived from the goods and services produced (where own consumption is considered to be part of profits). The incumbents make the operational decisions affecting the enterprise, or delegate such decisions while retaining responsibility for the welfare of the enterprise. (In this context, “enterprise” includes one-person operations.)
++7. Self-[[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[jobs>>doc:working:Glossary.Work Activity.WebHome]] are those [[jobs>>doc:working:Glossary.Work Activity.WebHome]] where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits (or the potential for profits) derived from the goods and services produced (where own consumption is considered to be part of profits). The incumbents make the operational decisions affecting the enterprise, or delegate such decisions while retaining responsibility for the welfare of the enterprise. (In this context, “enterprise” includes one-person operations.)
--8.1. Employees are all those workers who hold the type of job defined as “paid employment jobs” (cf. paragraph 6). Employees with stable contracts are those “employees” who have had, and continue to have, an explicit (written or oral) or implicit contract of employment, or a succession of such contracts, with the same employer on a continuous basis. “On a continuous basis” implies a period of employment which is longer than a specified minimum determined according to national circumstances. (If interruptions are allowed in this minimum period, their maximum duration should also be determined according to national circumstances.) Regular employees are those “employees with stable contracts” for whom the employing organization is responsible for payment of relevant taxes and social security contributions and/or where the contractual relationship is subject to national labour legislation.
++8.1. [[Employees>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]] are all those workers who hold the type of [[job>>doc:working:Glossary.Work Activity.WebHome]] defined as “paid [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[jobs>>doc:working:Glossary.Work Activity.WebHome]]” (cf. paragraph 6). [[Employees>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]] with stable contracts are those “[[employees>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]]” who have had, and continue to have, an explicit (written or oral) or implicit contract of [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]], or a succession of such contracts, with the same employer on a continuous basis. “On a continuous basis” implies a period of [[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] which is longer than a specified minimum determined according to national circumstances. (If interruptions are allowed in this minimum period, their maximum duration should also be determined according to national circumstances.) Regular [[employees>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]] are those “[[employees>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]] with stable contracts” for whom the [[employing>>doc:working:Glossary.Persons in Employment.WebHome]] organization is responsible for payment of relevant taxes and social security contributions and/or where the contractual relationship is subject to national labour legislation.
--8.2. Employers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of job defined as a “self-employment job” (cf. paragraph 7) and, in this capacity, on a continuous basis (including the reference period) have engaged one or more persons to work for them in their business as “employee(s)” (cf. paragraph 8). The meaning of “engage on continuous basis” is to be determined by national circumstances, in a way which is consistent with the definition of “employees with stable contracts” (cf. paragraph 8). (The partners may or may not be members of the same family or household.)
++8.2. Employers are those workers who, (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)working(%%) on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of [[job>>doc:working:Glossary.Work Activity.WebHome]] defined as a “self-[[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[job>>doc:working:Glossary.Work Activity.WebHome]]” (cf. paragraph 7) and, in this capacity, on a continuous basis (including the reference period) have engaged one or more persons to (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) for them in their business as “[[employee>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]](s)” (cf. paragraph 8). The meaning of “engage on continuous basis” is to be determined by national circumstances, in a way which is consistent with the definition of “[[employees>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]] with stable contracts” (cf. paragraph 8). (The partners may or may not be members of the same family or household.)
--8.3. Own-account workers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or more partners, hold the type of job defined as a “self-employment job” (cf. paragraph 7), and have not engaged on a continuous basis any “employees” (cf. paragraph 8) to work for them during the reference period. It should be noted that, during the reference period, the members of this group may have engaged “employees”, provided that this is on a non-continuous basis. (The partners may or may not be members of the same family or household.)
++8.3. Own-account workers are those workers who, (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)working(%%) on their own account or with one or more partners, hold the type of [[job>>doc:working:Glossary.Work Activity.WebHome]] defined as a “self-[[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[job>>doc:working:Glossary.Work Activity.WebHome]]” (cf. paragraph 7), and have not engaged on a continuous basis any “[[employees>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]]” (cf. paragraph 8) to (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) for them during the reference period. It should be noted that, during the reference period, the members of this group may have engaged “[[employees>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]]”, provided that this is on a non-continuous basis. (The partners may or may not be members of the same family or household.)
--8.4. Members of producers’ cooperatives are workers who hold “self-employment” jobs (cf. paragraph 7) in a cooperative producing goods and services, in which each member takes part on an equal footing with other members in determining the organization of production, sales and/or other work of the establishment, the investments and the distribution of the proceeds of the establishment amongst their members. (It should be noted that “employees” (cf. paragraph 8) of producers’ cooperatives are not to be classified to this group.)
++8.4. Members of producers’ cooperatives are workers who hold “self-[[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]]” [[jobs>>doc:working:Glossary.Work Activity.WebHome]] (cf. paragraph 7) in a cooperative producing goods and services, in which each member takes part on an equal footing with other members in determining the organization of production, sales and/or other (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) of the establishment, the investments and the distribution of the proceeds of the establishment amongst their members. (It should be noted that “[[employees>>doc:working:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]]” (cf. paragraph 8) of producers’ cooperatives are not to be classified to this group.)
--8.5. Contributing family workers are those workers who hold “self-employment” jobs (cf. paragraph 7) in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household, who cannot be regarded as partners, because their degree of commitment to the operation of the establishment, in terms of working time or other factors to be determined by national circumstances, is not at a level comparable to that of the head of the establishment. (Where it is customary for young persons, in particular, to work without pay in an economic enterprise operated by a related person who does not live in the same household, the requirement of “living in the same household” may be eliminated.)
++8.5. Contributing family workers are those workers who hold “self-[[employment>>doc:working:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]]” [[jobs>>doc:working:Glossary.Work Activity.WebHome]] (cf. paragraph 7) in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household, who cannot be regarded as partners, because their degree of commitment to the operation of the establishment, in terms of [[working time>>doc:working:Glossary.Working Time.WebHome]] or other factors to be determined by national circumstances, is not at a level comparable to that of the head of the establishment. (Where it is customary for young persons, in particular, to (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) without pay in an economic enterprise operated by a related person who does not live in the same household, the requirement of “living in the same household” may be eliminated.)
 .6. Workers not classifiable by status include those for whom insufficient relevant information is available, and/or who cannot be included in any of the preceding categories.

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