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5 The 18th Internat{{{(i)}}}onal Conference of Labour Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}ans,
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7 Hav{{{(i)}}}ng rev{{{(i)}}}ewed the relevant texts of the resolut{{{(i)}}}on concern{{{(i)}}}ng stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) adopted by the Tenth Internat{{{(i)}}}onal Conference of Labour Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}ans (October 1962) as well as of the resolut{{{(i)}}}on concern{{{(i)}}}ng stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of str{{{(i)}}}kes, lockouts and other act{{{(i)}}}on due to labour d{{{(i)}}}sputes adopted by the 15th Internat{{{(i)}}}onal Conference of Labour Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}ans (January 1993) and of the resolut{{{(i)}}}on concern{{{(i)}}}ng the measurement of [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]]-related {{{(i)}}}ncome and the resolut{{{(i)}}}on concern{{{(i)}}}ng stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of occupat{{{(i)}}}onal {{{(i)}}}njur{{{(i)}}}es, both adopted by the 16th Internat{{{(i)}}}onal Conference of Labour Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}ans (October 1998),
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9 Recall{{{(i)}}}ng the requ{{{(i)}}}rements of the Labour Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs Convent{{{(i)}}}on, 1985 (No. 160), and the accompany{{{(i)}}}ng Labour Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs Recommendat{{{(i)}}}on, 1985 (No. 170), and the need for coherence w{{{(i)}}}th other {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal standards, {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng w{{{(i)}}}th regard to [[{{{(i)}}}nformal employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Informal employment.WebHome]] and ch{{{(i)}}}ld labour,
10
11 Recogn{{{(i)}}}z{{{(i)}}}ng the need to rev{{{(i)}}}se the ex{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ng standards on stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}n order to reflect the [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] of persons {{{(i)}}}n all sectors of the economy and {{{(i)}}}n all forms of product{{{(i)}}}ve act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty towards the ach{{{(i)}}}evement of decent (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) for all, and to prov{{{(i)}}}de measurement methodolog{{{(i)}}}es and gu{{{(i)}}}del{{{(i)}}}nes on a larger number of measures than prev{{{(i)}}}ously def{{{(i)}}}ned {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onally, thereby enhanc{{{(i)}}}ng the standards’ usefulness as techn{{{(i)}}}cal gu{{{(i)}}}del{{{(i)}}}nes to States and hence the cons{{{(i)}}}stency and {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal comparab{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty of the stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs,
12
13 Acknowledg{{{(i)}}}ng that the relevance of the var{{{(i)}}}ous measures of [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n a g{{{(i)}}}ven State depends on the nature of {{{(i)}}}ts [[workforce>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Potent{{{(i)}}}al Labour Force.WebHome]], labour markets and user needs, and so the{{{(i)}}}r {{{(i)}}}mplementat{{{(i)}}}on w{{{(i)}}}ll be determ{{{(i)}}}ned largely by nat{{{(i)}}}onal c{{{(i)}}}rcumstances;
14
15 Adopts th{{{(i)}}}s f{{{(i)}}}fth day of December 2008 the follow{{{(i)}}}ng resolut{{{(i)}}}on {{{(i)}}}n subst{{{(i)}}}tut{{{(i)}}}on for the resolut{{{(i)}}}on concern{{{(i)}}}ng stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) (1962) and paragraphs 46 to 48 of the resolut{{{(i)}}}on concern{{{(i)}}}ng the measurement of [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]]-related {{{(i)}}}ncome (1998).
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17 = Object{{{(i)}}}ves =
18
19 ~1. Each State should a{{{(i)}}}m to develop a comprehens{{{(i)}}}ve system of stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] that can adequately account for all labour {{{(i)}}}nputs {{{(i)}}}nto product{{{(i)}}}ve act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty by all persons of any sex, {{{(i)}}}n order to prov{{{(i)}}}de an adequate stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal base for the var{{{(i)}}}ous users of the stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs, tak{{{(i)}}}ng {{{(i)}}}nto account nat{{{(i)}}}onal needs and c{{{(i)}}}rcumstances.
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21 2. In part{{{(i)}}}cular, such a system should:
22
23 * (1) Complement the stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of the [[econom{{{(i)}}}cally act{{{(i)}}}ve populat{{{(i)}}}on>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Potent{{{(i)}}}al Labour Force.WebHome]] and of the demand for labour {{{(i)}}}n product{{{(i)}}}on, w{{{(i)}}}th stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on the number of hours that persons actually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) and the number of hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) on all act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es.
24 * (2) A{{{(i)}}}d the exam{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on and mon{{{(i)}}}tor{{{(i)}}}ng of cond{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ons of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%), {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng health, safety and gender just{{{(i)}}}ce for all populat{{{(i)}}}on groups, {{{(i)}}}n formal and [[{{{(i)}}}nformal employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Informal employment.WebHome]], w{{{(i)}}}th stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on the number of [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] and hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%), how they are organ{{{(i)}}}zed over t{{{(i)}}}me, and on the number of hours of absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}n relat{{{(i)}}}on to the hours establ{{{(i)}}}shed by nat{{{(i)}}}onal leg{{{(i)}}}slat{{{(i)}}}on.
25 * (3) Construct {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}cators useful for labour-management negot{{{(i)}}}at{{{(i)}}}ons and for econom{{{(i)}}}c and soc{{{(i)}}}al analyses (such as labour product{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty, t{{{(i)}}}me rates of [[wages>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Earn{{{(i)}}}ngs.WebHome]], average hourly [[earn{{{(i)}}}ngs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Earn{{{(i)}}}ngs.WebHome]], average [[labour cost>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour cost.WebHome]] per [[t{{{(i)}}}me un{{{(i)}}}t>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.T{{{(i)}}}me Un{{{(i)}}}t.WebHome]], rates of occupat{{{(i)}}}onal {{{(i)}}}njur{{{(i)}}}es or est{{{(i)}}}mates of [[t{{{(i)}}}me-related underemployment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.T{{{(i)}}}me-related Underemployment.WebHome]]), us{{{(i)}}}ng stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] for the same reference per{{{(i)}}}od and by the same group of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) persons as for stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of product{{{(i)}}}on, [[earn{{{(i)}}}ngs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Earn{{{(i)}}}ngs.WebHome]], [[labour cost>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour cost.WebHome]], [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]]-related {{{(i)}}}ncome and occupat{{{(i)}}}onal {{{(i)}}}njur{{{(i)}}}es.
26 * (4) Serve as a bas{{{(i)}}}s for the des{{{(i)}}}gn, {{{(i)}}}mplementat{{{(i)}}}on, mon{{{(i)}}}tor{{{(i)}}}ng and evaluat{{{(i)}}}on of econom{{{(i)}}}c, soc{{{(i)}}}al and labour market pol{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}es and programmes target{{{(i)}}}ng labour market flex{{{(i)}}}b{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty, soc{{{(i)}}}al exclus{{{(i)}}}on, (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%)–l{{{(i)}}}fe balance and the d{{{(i)}}}str{{{(i)}}}but{{{(i)}}}on of [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n fam{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}es, etc., w{{{(i)}}}th stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on the number of [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] and the number of hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) and the arrangement of these hours for all members w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n fam{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}es and all populat{{{(i)}}}on groups.
27
28 3. For all these purposes, States should a{{{(i)}}}m at cons{{{(i)}}}stency between the d{{{(i)}}}fferent stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]], and w{{{(i)}}}th other labour market stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs as well as w{{{(i)}}}th the general stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal system. Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] should be developed {{{(i)}}}n l{{{(i)}}}ne w{{{(i)}}}th other {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal frameworks, and so as to promote {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal comparab{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty.
29
30 = Scope =
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32 4. //[[Work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]]// compr{{{(i)}}}ses the t{{{(i)}}}me assoc{{{(i)}}}ated w{{{(i)}}}th product{{{(i)}}}ve act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es and the arrangement of th{{{(i)}}}s t{{{(i)}}}me dur{{{(i)}}}ng a spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed reference per{{{(i)}}}od.
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34 5. [[Work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}s determ{{{(i)}}}ned {{{(i)}}}n reference to product{{{(i)}}}ve act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n the general product{{{(i)}}}on boundary as def{{{(i)}}}ned {{{(i)}}}n the System of Nat{{{(i)}}}onal Accounts (SNA). [[Work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}ncludes the t{{{(i)}}}me spent towards the product{{{(i)}}}on of all goods and serv{{{(i)}}}ces whether pa{{{(i)}}}d or unpa{{{(i)}}}d. [[Work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] does not take account of the legal{{{(i)}}}ty of the act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty, the type of contractual agreement cover{{{(i)}}}ng {{{(i)}}}t or the age of the persons perform{{{(i)}}}ng {{{(i)}}}t.
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36 * (1) [[Work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] can relate to the act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es //w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary// and to [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs, as def{{{(i)}}}ned {{{(i)}}}n the {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal def{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}on of [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]]. In th{{{(i)}}}s case [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}s the standard for comp{{{(i)}}}lat{{{(i)}}}on of nat{{{(i)}}}onal product{{{(i)}}}on accounts. It {{{(i)}}}s also used for labour market, product{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty and other econom{{{(i)}}}c and soc{{{(i)}}}al analys{{{(i)}}}s.
37 * (2) [[Work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] can also relate to act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es wh{{{(i)}}}ch are //beyond the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary //such as serv{{{(i)}}}ces produced and consumed w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n the same household and act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es of [[volunteer>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Volonteer Work.WebHome]] workers {{{(i)}}}n households that produce serv{{{(i)}}}ces for own f{{{(i)}}}nal use by the household. In th{{{(i)}}}s case the a{{{(i)}}}m {{{(i)}}}s to produce stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] on “unpa{{{(i)}}}d household serv{{{(i)}}}ce and [[volunteer work>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Volunteer Work.WebHome]]” necessary for the product{{{(i)}}}on of satell{{{(i)}}}te accounts and for a broader understand{{{(i)}}}ng of, and approach to, labour market, econom{{{(i)}}}c and soc{{{(i)}}}al pol{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}es.
38
39 6. [[Work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}s measured for a [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] def{{{(i)}}}ned as “a set of tasks and dut{{{(i)}}}es performed, or meant to be performed, by one person, {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng for an employer or {{{(i)}}}n self-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]]” whether formal or {{{(i)}}}nformal. A [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] can refer to unpa{{{(i)}}}d household serv{{{(i)}}}ce and [[volunteer work>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Volunteer Work.WebHome]] performed by one person for a household outs{{{(i)}}}de the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary but w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n the general product{{{(i)}}}on boundary. Use of [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] as the bas{{{(i)}}}c observat{{{(i)}}}on un{{{(i)}}}t for [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}s cons{{{(i)}}}stent w{{{(i)}}}th the {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}cat{{{(i)}}}ons of occupat{{{(i)}}}on (ISCO) and status {{{(i)}}}n [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] (ICSE) and w{{{(i)}}}th the pr{{{(i)}}}nc{{{(i)}}}ples of class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}cat{{{(i)}}}on by {{{(i)}}}ndustry accord{{{(i)}}}ng to the Internat{{{(i)}}}onal Standard Industr{{{(i)}}}al Class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}cat{{{(i)}}}on of all Econom{{{(i)}}}c Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es (ISIC). A person may have one or several [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]].
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41 7. [[Work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] can be measured for short measurement un{{{(i)}}}ts, such as m{{{(i)}}}nutes or hours, or for long un{{{(i)}}}ts such as half-days, days, weeks or months. The measurement un{{{(i)}}}t of “hours” {{{(i)}}}s used for ease of reference.
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43 8. [[Work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] can be observed over a [[short reference per{{{(i)}}}od>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Short Reference Per{{{(i)}}}od.WebHome]], such as one day or one week, or a long reference per{{{(i)}}}od, such as one month, one year or beyond, {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng a l{{{(i)}}}fespan. For nat{{{(i)}}}onal accounts and product{{{(i)}}}on stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs {{{(i)}}}n general, [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] should be measured for a long reference per{{{(i)}}}od.
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45 9. [[Work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] does not reflect the qual{{{(i)}}}ty, {{{(i)}}}ntens{{{(i)}}}ty or eff{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}ency of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%).
46
47 = Concepts and def{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ons =
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49 10. (1) Th{{{(i)}}}s resolut{{{(i)}}}on prov{{{(i)}}}des def{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ons for:
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51 * (a) Seven concepts of [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] assoc{{{(i)}}}ated w{{{(i)}}}th the product{{{(i)}}}ve act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es of a person and performed {{{(i)}}}n a [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]], namely //[[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]]//, the key concept of [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] def{{{(i)}}}ned for stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal purposes appl{{{(i)}}}cable to all [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] and to all (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) persons; //hours pa{{{(i)}}}d for//, l{{{(i)}}}nked to remunerat{{{(i)}}}on of hours that may not all correspond to product{{{(i)}}}on; //normal hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work//(%%) that refer to legally preva{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ng collect{{{(i)}}}ve hours; //contractual hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work//(%%) that {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}duals are expected to (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) accord{{{(i)}}}ng to contractual relat{{{(i)}}}onsh{{{(i)}}}ps as d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}nct from normal hours; //hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked//(%%) most commonly {{{(i)}}}n a [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] over a long observat{{{(i)}}}on per{{{(i)}}}od, //overt{{{(i)}}}me hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work//(%%) performed beyond contracts or norms; and //absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) hours//, when (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) persons do not (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%);
52 * (b) Two concepts of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%)-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangements that descr{{{(i)}}}be the character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n a [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]], namely the //organ{{{(i)}}}zat{{{(i)}}}on// and //schedul{{{(i)}}}ng// of [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]], regardless of type of [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]], and formal{{{(i)}}}zed (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%)-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangements, that are spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}c comb{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}ons of the character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs hav{{{(i)}}}ng legal recogn{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}on.
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54 (2) Not all [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] concepts are appl{{{(i)}}}cable to all types of [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]]. The{{{(i)}}}r appl{{{(i)}}}cat{{{(i)}}}on {{{(i)}}}s spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed {{{(i)}}}n each concept def{{{(i)}}}ned below.
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56 == Hours actually worked ==
57
58 ~11. (1) //[[Hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]]// {{{(i)}}}s the t{{{(i)}}}me spent {{{(i)}}}n a [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] for the performance of act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es that contr{{{(i)}}}bute to the product{{{(i)}}}on of goods and/or serv{{{(i)}}}ces dur{{{(i)}}}ng a spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed short or long reference per{{{(i)}}}od. [[Hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] appl{{{(i)}}}es to all types of [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] (//w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n and beyond the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary//) and {{{(i)}}}s not l{{{(i)}}}nked to adm{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}strat{{{(i)}}}ve or legal concepts.
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60 (2) [[Hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] measured //w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary //**{{{(i)}}}ncludes** t{{{(i)}}}me spent d{{{(i)}}}rectly on, and {{{(i)}}}n relat{{{(i)}}}on to, product{{{(i)}}}ve act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es; down t{{{(i)}}}me; and rest{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me.
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62 * (a) “D{{{(i)}}}rect hours” {{{(i)}}}s the t{{{(i)}}}me spent carry{{{(i)}}}ng out the tasks and dut{{{(i)}}}es of a [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]]. Th{{{(i)}}}s may be performed {{{(i)}}}n any locat{{{(i)}}}on (econom{{{(i)}}}c terr{{{(i)}}}tory, establ{{{(i)}}}shment, on the street, at home) and dur{{{(i)}}}ng overt{{{(i)}}}me per{{{(i)}}}ods or other per{{{(i)}}}ods not ded{{{(i)}}}cated to (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) (such as lunch breaks or wh{{{(i)}}}le commut{{{(i)}}}ng).
63 * (b) “Related hours” {{{(i)}}}s the t{{{(i)}}}me spent ma{{{(i)}}}nta{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}ng, fac{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}tat{{{(i)}}}ng or enhanc{{{(i)}}}ng product{{{(i)}}}ve act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es and should compr{{{(i)}}}se act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es such as:
64 ** ({{{(i)}}} ) clean{{{(i)}}}ng, repa{{{(i)}}}r{{{(i)}}}ng, prepar{{{(i)}}}ng, des{{{(i)}}}gn{{{(i)}}}ng, adm{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}ster{{{(i)}}}ng or ma{{{(i)}}}nta{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}ng tools, {{{(i)}}}nstruments, processes, procedures or the (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) locat{{{(i)}}}on {{{(i)}}}tself; chang{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me (to put on (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) clothes); decontam{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on or wash{{{(i)}}}ng up t{{{(i)}}}me;
65 ** ({{{(i)}}}{{{(i)}}}) purchas{{{(i)}}}ng or transport{{{(i)}}}ng goods or bas{{{(i)}}}c mater{{{(i)}}}als to/from the market or source;
66 ** ({{{(i)}}}{{{(i)}}}{{{(i)}}}) wa{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ng for bus{{{(i)}}}ness, customers or pat{{{(i)}}}ents, as part of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%)-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangements and/or that are expl{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}tly pa{{{(i)}}}d for;
67 ** ({{{(i)}}}v) on-call duty, whether spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed as pa{{{(i)}}}d or unpa{{{(i)}}}d, that may occur at the (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) locat{{{(i)}}}on (such as health and other essent{{{(i)}}}al serv{{{(i)}}}ces) or away from {{{(i)}}}t (for example from home). In the latter case, {{{(i)}}}t {{{(i)}}}s {{{(i)}}}ncluded {{{(i)}}}n [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] depend{{{(i)}}}ng on the degree to wh{{{(i)}}}ch persons’ act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es and movements are restr{{{(i)}}}cted. From the moment when called back for duty, the t{{{(i)}}}me spent {{{(i)}}}s cons{{{(i)}}}dered as d{{{(i)}}}rect hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%);
68 ** (v) travell{{{(i)}}}ng between (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) locat{{{(i)}}}ons, to reach f{{{(i)}}}eld projects, f{{{(i)}}}sh{{{(i)}}}ng areas, ass{{{(i)}}}gnments, conferences or to meet cl{{{(i)}}}ents or customers (such as door-to-door vend{{{(i)}}}ng and {{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}nerant act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es);
69 ** (v{{{(i)}}}) tra{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}ng and sk{{{(i)}}}lls enhancement requ{{{(i)}}}red by the [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] or for another [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n the same econom{{{(i)}}}c un{{{(i)}}}t, at or away from the (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) locat{{{(i)}}}on. In a pa{{{(i)}}}d-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] th{{{(i)}}}s may be g{{{(i)}}}ven by the employer or prov{{{(i)}}}ded by other un{{{(i)}}}ts.
70 * (c) “Down t{{{(i)}}}me”, as d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}nct from “d{{{(i)}}}rect” and “related hours”, {{{(i)}}}s t{{{(i)}}}me when a person {{{(i)}}}n a [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] cannot (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) due to mach{{{(i)}}}nery or process breakdown, acc{{{(i)}}}dent, lack of suppl{{{(i)}}}es or power or Internet access, etc., but cont{{{(i)}}}nues to be ava{{{(i)}}}lable for (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%). Th{{{(i)}}}s t{{{(i)}}}me {{{(i)}}}s unavo{{{(i)}}}dable or {{{(i)}}}nherent to the [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] and {{{(i)}}}nvolves temporary {{{(i)}}}nterrupt{{{(i)}}}ons of a techn{{{(i)}}}cal, mater{{{(i)}}}al or econom{{{(i)}}}c nature.
71 * (d) “Rest{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me” {{{(i)}}}s t{{{(i)}}}me spent {{{(i)}}}n short per{{{(i)}}}ods of rest, rel{{{(i)}}}ef or refreshment, {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng tea, coffee or prayer breaks, generally pract{{{(i)}}}sed by custom or contract accord{{{(i)}}}ng to establ{{{(i)}}}shed norms and/or nat{{{(i)}}}onal c{{{(i)}}}rcumstances.
72
73 (3) [[Hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] measured //w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary //**excludes **t{{{(i)}}}me not (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) dur{{{(i)}}}ng act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es such as:
74
75 * (a) Annual leave, publ{{{(i)}}}c hol{{{(i)}}}days, s{{{(i)}}}ck leave, parental leave or matern{{{(i)}}}ty/patern{{{(i)}}}ty leave, other leave for personal or fam{{{(i)}}}ly reasons or c{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}c duty. Th{{{(i)}}}s t{{{(i)}}}me not (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) {{{(i)}}}s part of absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) hours (def{{{(i)}}}ned {{{(i)}}}n paragraph 17);
76 * (b) Commut{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me between (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) and home when no product{{{(i)}}}ve act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty for the [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}s performed; for pa{{{(i)}}}d [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]], even when pa{{{(i)}}}d by the employer;
77 * (c) T{{{(i)}}}me spent {{{(i)}}}n educat{{{(i)}}}onal act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}nct from the act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es covered {{{(i)}}}n paragraph 11. (2) (b) (v{{{(i)}}}); for pa{{{(i)}}}d [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]], even when author{{{(i)}}}zed, pa{{{(i)}}}d or prov{{{(i)}}}ded by the employer;
78 * (d) Longer breaks d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ngu{{{(i)}}}shed from short rest{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me when no product{{{(i)}}}ve act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty {{{(i)}}}s performed (such as meal breaks or natural repose dur{{{(i)}}}ng long tr{{{(i)}}}ps); for pa{{{(i)}}}d [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]], even when pa{{{(i)}}}d by the employer.
79
80 (4) [[Hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] measured //beyond the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary //**{{{(i)}}}ncludes** t{{{(i)}}}me spent d{{{(i)}}}rectly on, and {{{(i)}}}n relat{{{(i)}}}on to, product{{{(i)}}}ve act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es as def{{{(i)}}}ned {{{(i)}}}n paragraph 5.(2); down t{{{(i)}}}me; and short rest{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me.
81
82 * (a) “D{{{(i)}}}rect hours” {{{(i)}}}s the t{{{(i)}}}me spent carry{{{(i)}}}ng out the tasks and dut{{{(i)}}}es of the [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]], wh{{{(i)}}}ch may {{{(i)}}}nclude: prepar{{{(i)}}}ng meals, care for members of the household; clean{{{(i)}}}ng and ma{{{(i)}}}nta{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}ng the house, grounds, clothes and household equ{{{(i)}}}pment; purchas{{{(i)}}}ng and transport{{{(i)}}}ng goods for the household, transport{{{(i)}}}ng household members, household account{{{(i)}}}ng and management.
83 * (b) “Related hours” {{{(i)}}}s the t{{{(i)}}}me spent ma{{{(i)}}}nta{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}ng, fac{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}tat{{{(i)}}}ng or enhanc{{{(i)}}}ng product{{{(i)}}}ve act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es, and compr{{{(i)}}}ses act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es such as travell{{{(i)}}}ng to meet persons, wa{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ng for persons {{{(i)}}}n one’s care, or tra{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}ng requ{{{(i)}}}red for the [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]];
84 * (c) “Down t{{{(i)}}}me” {{{(i)}}}s less relevant for a [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] //beyond the SNA boundary// because subst{{{(i)}}}tut{{{(i)}}}on of one household task for another can be more {{{(i)}}}mmed{{{(i)}}}ate.
85 * (d) “Rest{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me” {{{(i)}}}s t{{{(i)}}}me spent {{{(i)}}}n short per{{{(i)}}}ods of rest, rel{{{(i)}}}ef or refreshment, {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng tea, coffee or prayer breaks.
86
87 (5) [[Hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] measured //beyond the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary //**excludes **t{{{(i)}}}me not (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) dur{{{(i)}}}ng act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es such as c{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}c duty and educat{{{(i)}}}onal act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es other than the tra{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}ng covered {{{(i)}}}n paragraph 11. (4) (b).
88
89 == Hours pa{{{(i)}}}d for ==
90
91 12. (1) //Hours pa{{{(i)}}}d for// appl{{{(i)}}}es to a pa{{{(i)}}}d-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] and to a self-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] pa{{{(i)}}}d on the bas{{{(i)}}}s of [[t{{{(i)}}}me un{{{(i)}}}ts>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.T{{{(i)}}}me Un{{{(i)}}}t.WebHome]] //(w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary)//.
92
93 (2) For a pa{{{(i)}}}d-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]], hours pa{{{(i)}}}d for {{{(i)}}}s:
94
95 * (a) The t{{{(i)}}}me for wh{{{(i)}}}ch persons have rece{{{(i)}}}ved payment from the{{{(i)}}}r employer (at normal or prem{{{(i)}}}um rates, {{{(i)}}}n cash or {{{(i)}}}n k{{{(i)}}}nd) dur{{{(i)}}}ng a spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed short or long reference per{{{(i)}}}od, regardless of whether the hours were actually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) or not;
96 * (b) Th{{{(i)}}}s **{{{(i)}}}ncludes** t{{{(i)}}}me pa{{{(i)}}}d but not (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) such as pa{{{(i)}}}d annual leave, pa{{{(i)}}}d publ{{{(i)}}}c hol{{{(i)}}}days and certa{{{(i)}}}n absences such as pa{{{(i)}}}d s{{{(i)}}}ck leave.
97 * (c) Th{{{(i)}}}s **excludes** t{{{(i)}}}me (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) but not pa{{{(i)}}}d by the employer, such as unpa{{{(i)}}}d overt{{{(i)}}}me, and absences that are not pa{{{(i)}}}d by the employer, such as unpa{{{(i)}}}d educat{{{(i)}}}onal leave or matern{{{(i)}}}ty leave that may be pa{{{(i)}}}d through transfers by government from soc{{{(i)}}}al secur{{{(i)}}}ty systems.
98
99 (3) For a self-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] (formal or {{{(i)}}}nformal) pa{{{(i)}}}d on the bas{{{(i)}}}s of [[t{{{(i)}}}me un{{{(i)}}}ts>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.T{{{(i)}}}me Un{{{(i)}}}t.WebHome]], hours pa{{{(i)}}}d for {{{(i)}}}s equ{{{(i)}}}valent to [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]].
100
101 (4) It may be useful to separately {{{(i)}}}dent{{{(i)}}}fy hours pa{{{(i)}}}d for that are actually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) (as overt{{{(i)}}}me or not) from other hours pa{{{(i)}}}d for (that are not (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%)).
102
103 == Normal hours of work ==
104
105 **13. **(1) //Normal hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work//(%%) are the hours f{{{(i)}}}xed by or {{{(i)}}}n pursuance of laws or regulat{{{(i)}}}ons, collect{{{(i)}}}ve agreements or arb{{{(i)}}}tral awards to be performed {{{(i)}}}n spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed pa{{{(i)}}}d-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] over a spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed reference per{{{(i)}}}od, such as per day, week, month or year (//w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary//). Normal hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) may also apply to a [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n self-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] when the hours are {{{(i)}}}n accordance w{{{(i)}}}th the hours f{{{(i)}}}xed for all [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n a spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}c {{{(i)}}}ndustry or occupat{{{(i)}}}on (such as for dr{{{(i)}}}vers to ensure publ{{{(i)}}}c safety).
106
107 (2) Normal hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) may vary, between [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] for d{{{(i)}}}fferent groups of persons {{{(i)}}}n pa{{{(i)}}}d [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]], by occupat{{{(i)}}}on or {{{(i)}}}ndustry, depend{{{(i)}}}ng on the{{{(i)}}}r regulatory source.
108
109 (3) Normal hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) of a self-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] may be compared w{{{(i)}}}th the normal hours of a pa{{{(i)}}}d-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n the same occupat{{{(i)}}}on or {{{(i)}}}ndustry.
110
111 (4) In States where normal hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) are w{{{(i)}}}dely used they may serve as the reference to def{{{(i)}}}ne full-t{{{(i)}}}me and part-t{{{(i)}}}me hours.
112
113 == Contractual hours of work ==
114
115 14. (1) //Contractual hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work//(%%), {{{(i)}}}s the t{{{(i)}}}me expected to be performed accord{{{(i)}}}ng to a contract for a pa{{{(i)}}}d-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] or for the prov{{{(i)}}}s{{{(i)}}}on of serv{{{(i)}}}ces {{{(i)}}}n a self-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] or [[volunteer>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Volonteer Work.WebHome]] [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] //(w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n and beyond the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary)//. The contract may {{{(i)}}}nclude leave ent{{{(i)}}}tlements and be e{{{(i)}}}ther expl{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}t (wr{{{(i)}}}tten contract) or {{{(i)}}}mpl{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}t (verbal agreement).
116
117 (2) The number of contractual hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}n a [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] may be f{{{(i)}}}xed over a short or long reference per{{{(i)}}}od or may vary from one per{{{(i)}}}od to the next depend{{{(i)}}}ng on the organ{{{(i)}}}zat{{{(i)}}}on of the [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] and the length of the measurement reference per{{{(i)}}}od. When the reference per{{{(i)}}}od {{{(i)}}}s long, leave ent{{{(i)}}}tlement per{{{(i)}}}ods should be excluded.
118
119 (3) The number of contractual hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) may vary between [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n the same occupat{{{(i)}}}on, {{{(i)}}}ndustry or establ{{{(i)}}}shment.
120
121 (4) The number of contractual hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) may be equ{{{(i)}}}valent to or establ{{{(i)}}}shed {{{(i)}}}n conform{{{(i)}}}ty w{{{(i)}}}th preva{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ng normal hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) and may be above normal hours, some of wh{{{(i)}}}ch may be hours st{{{(i)}}}pulated as contractual overt{{{(i)}}}me hours.
122
123 == Hours usually worked ==
124
125 **15. **(1) //Hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked//(%%) {{{(i)}}}s the typ{{{(i)}}}cal value of [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n a [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] per [[short reference per{{{(i)}}}od>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Short Reference Per{{{(i)}}}od.WebHome]] such as one week, over a long observat{{{(i)}}}on per{{{(i)}}}od of a month, quarter, season or year that compr{{{(i)}}}ses the short reference measurement per{{{(i)}}}od used. Hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) appl{{{(i)}}}es to all types of [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] //(w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n and beyond the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary)//.
126
127 (2) The typ{{{(i)}}}cal value may be the modal value of the d{{{(i)}}}str{{{(i)}}}but{{{(i)}}}on of [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] per short per{{{(i)}}}od over the long observat{{{(i)}}}on per{{{(i)}}}od, where mean{{{(i)}}}ngful.
128
129 (3) Hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) prov{{{(i)}}}des a way to obta{{{(i)}}}n regular hours (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) above contractual hours.
130
131 (4) The [[short reference per{{{(i)}}}od>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Short Reference Per{{{(i)}}}od.WebHome]] for measur{{{(i)}}}ng hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) should be the same as the reference per{{{(i)}}}od used to measure [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] or household serv{{{(i)}}}ce and [[volunteer work>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Volunteer Work.WebHome]].
132
133 == Overt{{{(i)}}}me hours of work ==
134
135 **16. **(1) //Overt{{{(i)}}}me hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) //appl{{{(i)}}}es to all types of [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] //(w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n and beyond the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary)// and {{{(i)}}}s def{{{(i)}}}ned as:
136
137 * (a) the hours st{{{(i)}}}pulated as overt{{{(i)}}}me {{{(i)}}}n a contract dur{{{(i)}}}ng a spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed [[short reference per{{{(i)}}}od>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Short Reference Per{{{(i)}}}od.WebHome]], plus [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n excess of contractual hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%), {{{(i)}}}f these ex{{{(i)}}}st; or
138 * (b) the [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n excess of hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) {{{(i)}}}n a [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] where no contractual hours ex{{{(i)}}}st.
139
140 (2) Overt{{{(i)}}}me hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) **excludes** [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n excess of contractual hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) as a result of rotat{{{(i)}}}on per{{{(i)}}}ods {{{(i)}}}n establ{{{(i)}}}shed (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) arrangements (such as flex{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}me or sh{{{(i)}}}ft (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%)) {{{(i)}}}n a short or long reference per{{{(i)}}}od.
141
142 (3) Overt{{{(i)}}}me hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) for pa{{{(i)}}}d-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] may be pa{{{(i)}}}d or unpa{{{(i)}}}d. Payment may be {{{(i)}}}n cash at the same rate as the other hours {{{(i)}}}n the [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] or {{{(i)}}}n cash at h{{{(i)}}}gher rates; or {{{(i)}}}n k{{{(i)}}}nd and/or {{{(i)}}}n the form of compensat{{{(i)}}}on w{{{(i)}}}th t{{{(i)}}}me off.
143
144 (4) It may be useful to d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ngu{{{(i)}}}sh between:
145
146 * (a) Overt{{{(i)}}}me hours that are pa{{{(i)}}}d and unpa{{{(i)}}}d;
147 * (b) Overt{{{(i)}}}me hours and the d{{{(i)}}}fferent forms of compensat{{{(i)}}}on;
148 * (c) Overt{{{(i)}}}me hours def{{{(i)}}}ned as overt{{{(i)}}}me {{{(i)}}}n [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] contracts from other overt{{{(i)}}}me hours, where relevant;
149 * (d) Overt{{{(i)}}}me hours that are regular and other overt{{{(i)}}}me hours, where regular overt{{{(i)}}}me {{{(i)}}}s hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) {{{(i)}}}n excess of contractual hours;
150 * (e) Overt{{{(i)}}}me hours {{{(i)}}}n pa{{{(i)}}}d-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] and {{{(i)}}}n self-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]].
151
152 (5) It may also be useful to d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ngu{{{(i)}}}sh overt{{{(i)}}}me hours from [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n excess of contractual hours as a result of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) arrangements.
153
154 == Absence from work hours ==
155
156 17. (1) //Absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) hours// appl{{{(i)}}}es to all [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] //(w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n and beyond the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary)// and {{{(i)}}}s def{{{(i)}}}ned as//~://
157
158 * (a) The number of contractual hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) not actually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) dur{{{(i)}}}ng a [[short reference per{{{(i)}}}od>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Short Reference Per{{{(i)}}}od.WebHome]] such as a week when contractual hours ex{{{(i)}}}st; these {{{(i)}}}nclude per{{{(i)}}}ods of leave taken accord{{{(i)}}}ng to the [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] contract where relevant, {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng part-t{{{(i)}}}me contracts;
159 * (b) The number of hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) but not actually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) dur{{{(i)}}}ng the [[short reference per{{{(i)}}}od>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Short Reference Per{{{(i)}}}od.WebHome]] when contractual hours do not ex{{{(i)}}}st.
160
161 (2) Absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) hours **excludes** t{{{(i)}}}me not (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) as a result of establ{{{(i)}}}shed (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) arrangements (such as flex{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}me off or sh{{{(i)}}}ft (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%)).
162
163 (3) Absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) hours {{{(i)}}}n a pa{{{(i)}}}d-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] may be pa{{{(i)}}}d or unpa{{{(i)}}}d and {{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ated by workers or by employers.
164
165 (4) It may be useful to d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ngu{{{(i)}}}sh between:
166
167 * (a) Absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) hours that are pa{{{(i)}}}d and unpa{{{(i)}}}d; {{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ated by the worker and {{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ated by the employer;
168 * (b) Absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) hours that are regular and {{{(i)}}}rregular, where regular absence hours {{{(i)}}}s the number of contractual hours {{{(i)}}}n excess of hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%);
169 * (c) Absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) hours {{{(i)}}}n pa{{{(i)}}}d-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] and {{{(i)}}}n self-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]].
170
171 (5) It may also be useful to d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ngu{{{(i)}}}sh absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) hours from all contractual hours {{{(i)}}}n excess of [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] as a result of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) arrangements.
172
173 (6) Absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) hours may occur as a result of annual leave ({{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng forced annual leave), {{{(i)}}}llness, {{{(i)}}}njury or occupat{{{(i)}}}onal {{{(i)}}}njury, matern{{{(i)}}}ty, patern{{{(i)}}}ty and parental leave, compensat{{{(i)}}}on for overt{{{(i)}}}me, care for others – {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng fam{{{(i)}}}ly members, educat{{{(i)}}}onal leave, other personal absence (such as m{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}tary conscr{{{(i)}}}pt{{{(i)}}}on, c{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}an serv{{{(i)}}}ce, jury duty, fam{{{(i)}}}ly death), techn{{{(i)}}}cal or econom{{{(i)}}}c breakdown (other than spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed {{{(i)}}}n paragraph 11, subparagraph 2(b)), {{{(i)}}}ndustr{{{(i)}}}al relat{{{(i)}}}ons processes (labour–management negot{{{(i)}}}at{{{(i)}}}on, str{{{(i)}}}ke act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty, suspens{{{(i)}}}on, etc.), bad weather, publ{{{(i)}}}c or other hol{{{(i)}}}days, or another reason.
174
175 == Work{{{(i)}}}ng-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangements ==
176
177 18. (1) (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)//Work{{{(i)}}}ng//(%%)//-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangements// descr{{{(i)}}}bes measurable character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of a [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] that refer to the organ{{{(i)}}}zat{{{(i)}}}on (length and t{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}ng) and schedul{{{(i)}}}ng (stab{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty or flex{{{(i)}}}b{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty) of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) and non-(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) per{{{(i)}}}ods dur{{{(i)}}}ng a spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed reference day, week, month or longer per{{{(i)}}}od and appl{{{(i)}}}es to all types of [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] //(w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n and beyond the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary)//, {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng {{{(i)}}}n [[{{{(i)}}}nformal employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Informal employment.WebHome]] and {{{(i)}}}n agr{{{(i)}}}cultural commun{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es.
178
179 * (a) The organ{{{(i)}}}zat{{{(i)}}}on reflects the length and t{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}ng of the [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n a [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]]:
180 ** ({{{(i)}}} ) the length may be shorter or longer than a norm based on nat{{{(i)}}}onal c{{{(i)}}}rcumstances, there may be fewer or more da{{{(i)}}}ly or weekly hours, fewer or more days (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) per week for a [[short reference per{{{(i)}}}od>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Short Reference Per{{{(i)}}}od.WebHome]] or fewer weeks (part-year) for a long reference per{{{(i)}}}od;
181 ** ({{{(i)}}}{{{(i)}}}) the t{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}ng may be {{{(i)}}}ns{{{(i)}}}de or outs{{{(i)}}}de core hours or core days (performed at n{{{(i)}}}ght or at weekends).
182 * (b) The schedul{{{(i)}}}ng reflects the stab{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty or flex{{{(i)}}}b{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty of the length and t{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}ng of [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n a [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] from one day, week or longer per{{{(i)}}}od to the next, sh{{{(i)}}}fts that vary every day or week, d{{{(i)}}}fferent entry and ex{{{(i)}}}t t{{{(i)}}}mes, etc.
183
184 (2) //Formal{{{(i)}}}zed (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%)-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangements// relate to spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}c comb{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}ons of the organ{{{(i)}}}zat{{{(i)}}}on and schedul{{{(i)}}}ng of [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] that are recogn{{{(i)}}}zed by law, collect{{{(i)}}}ve agreement, etc. They may be st{{{(i)}}}pulated {{{(i)}}}n expl{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}t or {{{(i)}}}mpl{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}t [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] contracts.
185
186 * (a) Formal{{{(i)}}}zed (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%)-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangements may be more relevant to States where term{{{(i)}}}nology and establ{{{(i)}}}shed pract{{{(i)}}}ce {{{(i)}}}s reasonably well regulated and/or standard{{{(i)}}}zed, and where the number of persons covered {{{(i)}}}s numer{{{(i)}}}cally s{{{(i)}}}gn{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}cant;
187 * (b) A self-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] or household serv{{{(i)}}}ce and [[volunteer>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Volonteer Work.WebHome]] [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] may pract{{{(i)}}}se a formal{{{(i)}}}zed (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%)-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangement based on (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) requ{{{(i)}}}rements, personal or household preference (such as customer contracts or f{{{(i)}}}xed open{{{(i)}}}ng hours of shops, schools, etc.);
188 * (c) In order to document the extens{{{(i)}}}ve range of ex{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ng formal{{{(i)}}}zed (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%)-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangements {{{(i)}}}n States, wh{{{(i)}}}ch may be known by d{{{(i)}}}fferent names, a typology of formal{{{(i)}}}zed (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%)-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangements {{{(i)}}}s presented {{{(i)}}}n the Annex to th{{{(i)}}}s resolut{{{(i)}}}on.
189
190 (3) It may be useful to d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ngu{{{(i)}}}sh further character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs regard{{{(i)}}}ng (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%)-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangements such as:
191
192 * (a) The cho{{{(i)}}}ce, control or {{{(i)}}}nfluence of persons over the arrangement {{{(i)}}}tself or {{{(i)}}}ts character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs; the extent arrangements are agreed, {{{(i)}}}mposed or chosen; the pred{{{(i)}}}ctab{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty of character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs (such as advance not{{{(i)}}}ce g{{{(i)}}}ven, d{{{(i)}}}scuss{{{(i)}}}on or consensus between part{{{(i)}}}es); the durat{{{(i)}}}on of the arrangement for the spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}c (or ma{{{(i)}}}n) [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]];
193 * (b) The number of arrangements pract{{{(i)}}}sed, by the nature of the{{{(i)}}}r st{{{(i)}}}pulat{{{(i)}}}on (by law, contract, custom or self);
194 * (c) The type of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) locat{{{(i)}}}on where pract{{{(i)}}}sed (f{{{(i)}}}xed, mob{{{(i)}}}le, {{{(i)}}}n establ{{{(i)}}}shments, at home) by arrangements pract{{{(i)}}}sed.
195
196 = Methods of data collect{{{(i)}}}on =
197
198 19.** **(1) Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] can be collected through stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal censuses and surveys of households and establ{{{(i)}}}shments, and through access to adm{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}strat{{{(i)}}}ve reg{{{(i)}}}sters.
199
200 (2) When poss{{{(i)}}}ble and pert{{{(i)}}}nent, the use of a comb{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}on of data sources may be preferable to meet user requ{{{(i)}}}rements (such as coverage, scope, response rates, sample s{{{(i)}}}ze, response burden and costs) and to evaluate the qual{{{(i)}}}ty of stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs obta{{{(i)}}}ned.
201
202 (3) To ensure greater coherence for analyt{{{(i)}}}cal purposes, [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs should be collected for the same reference per{{{(i)}}}od and for the same d{{{(i)}}}saggregat{{{(i)}}}ons or groups of [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] as the stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs collected for [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]], [[wages>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Earn{{{(i)}}}ngs.WebHome]] and [[labour costs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Labour cost.WebHome]], etc.
203
204 (4) In order to ach{{{(i)}}}eve the most eff{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}ent use of {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on on [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] for stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal purposes, to harmon{{{(i)}}}ze stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal measures and {{{(i)}}}mprove coverage, and to ensure appropr{{{(i)}}}ate record{{{(i)}}}ng, report{{{(i)}}}ng and qual{{{(i)}}}ty of the result{{{(i)}}}ng stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs, the stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal author{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es need to coord{{{(i)}}}nate w{{{(i)}}}th the users and the prov{{{(i)}}}ders of the {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on, namely adm{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}strat{{{(i)}}}ve systems and establ{{{(i)}}}shments.
205
206 (5) States w{{{(i)}}}ll need to establ{{{(i)}}}sh the balance between the a{{{(i)}}}m to obta{{{(i)}}}n deta{{{(i)}}}led {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on and the capac{{{(i)}}}ty of respondents to prov{{{(i)}}}de {{{(i)}}}t. For {{{(i)}}}nstance, when collect{{{(i)}}}ng data on [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] for a reference per{{{(i)}}}od beyond a day, the def{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ons of overt{{{(i)}}}me hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) and of absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) hours may result {{{(i)}}}n an underest{{{(i)}}}mat{{{(i)}}}on of the total number of overt{{{(i)}}}me or absence hours. To capture all these hours, spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}c collect{{{(i)}}}on for each concept {{{(i)}}}n the reference per{{{(i)}}}od w{{{(i)}}}ll be necessary, where relevant.
207
208 == Household-based surveys ==
209
210 20. (1) Household-based surveys are well su{{{(i)}}}ted to collect data:
211
212 * (a) On [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] and hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%), on formal{{{(i)}}}zed (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%)-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangements and the character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of arrangements. They may also produce stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on hours pa{{{(i)}}}d for, normal or contractual hours;
213 * (b) For all persons (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) and all [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]], {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng {{{(i)}}}n [[{{{(i)}}}nformal employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Informal employment.WebHome]] and household serv{{{(i)}}}ce and [[volunteer work>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Volunteer Work.WebHome]];
214 * (c) For a [[short reference per{{{(i)}}}od>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Short Reference Per{{{(i)}}}od.WebHome]] such as a day or a week and when the survey {{{(i)}}}s cont{{{(i)}}}nuous; for a long reference per{{{(i)}}}od such as a month or a year;;
215 * (d) For persons {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}dually and for the economy as a whole.
216
217 (2) Household surveys are less well su{{{(i)}}}ted to obta{{{(i)}}}n data:
218
219 * (a) For concepts that have an adm{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}strat{{{(i)}}}ve or regulatory base;
220 * (b) Cover{{{(i)}}}ng all [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n the State (domest{{{(i)}}}c product{{{(i)}}}on accord{{{(i)}}}ng to the SNA).
221
222 (3) In order to reduce errors due to problems of recall, proxy response and rounded answers {{{(i)}}}t {{{(i)}}}s recommended that quest{{{(i)}}}onna{{{(i)}}}res target{{{(i)}}}ng [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] be des{{{(i)}}}gned to:
223
224 * (a) F{{{(i)}}}rst ascerta{{{(i)}}}n the status {{{(i)}}}n [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] of respondents {{{(i)}}}n order to f{{{(i)}}}lter pa{{{(i)}}}d and selfemployment [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] for separate quest{{{(i)}}}on sequences;
225 * (b) Collect {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on for each [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] separately or, at the m{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}mum, for the ma{{{(i)}}}n [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] and other [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]];
226 * (c) Obta{{{(i)}}}n {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on on contractual hours or hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) before {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on on [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]], s{{{(i)}}}nce var{{{(i)}}}ables that relate to [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] contracts or to the typ{{{(i)}}}cal (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) s{{{(i)}}}tuat{{{(i)}}}on are generally eas{{{(i)}}}er to remember, espec{{{(i)}}}ally for proxy {{{(i)}}}nterv{{{(i)}}}ews;
227 ** ({{{(i)}}} ) for pa{{{(i)}}}d-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]], the [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] can be arr{{{(i)}}}ved at after prompt{{{(i)}}}ng for hours of overt{{{(i)}}}me or absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) that may have occurred dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference week;
228 ** ({{{(i)}}}{{{(i)}}}) for self-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]], for [[employees>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n [[{{{(i)}}}nformal employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Informal employment.WebHome]] and for [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n household serv{{{(i)}}}ce and [[volunteer work>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Volunteer Work.WebHome]]; to {{{(i)}}}mprove data qual{{{(i)}}}ty of the [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]], collect{{{(i)}}}ng or prompt{{{(i)}}}ng for {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on for each of the days of the reference week separately rather than for the whole week {{{(i)}}}s recommended; as well as prompt{{{(i)}}}ng for all t{{{(i)}}}me spent on household serv{{{(i)}}}ce type act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es;
229 * (d) To {{{(i)}}}mprove the measurement of [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] for certa{{{(i)}}}n [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] and groups of [[persons {{{(i)}}}n employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Employment.WebHome]], add{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}onal quest{{{(i)}}}ons or prompts may target spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}c [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] components such as (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) at home, commut{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me, short breaks, overt{{{(i)}}}me and absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%);
230 * (e) To determ{{{(i)}}}ne hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) {{{(i)}}}f not obta{{{(i)}}}ned through a d{{{(i)}}}rect quest{{{(i)}}}on, refer to the modal value of the d{{{(i)}}}str{{{(i)}}}but{{{(i)}}}on of [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] per week over a long observat{{{(i)}}}on per{{{(i)}}}od. When th{{{(i)}}}s value {{{(i)}}}s not mean{{{(i)}}}ngful because the [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] each week are {{{(i)}}}rregular, or because (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) schedules are def{{{(i)}}}ned for per{{{(i)}}}ods other than the week, then the value may be determ{{{(i)}}}ned us{{{(i)}}}ng e{{{(i)}}}ther:
231 ** ({{{(i)}}} ) the med{{{(i)}}}an of [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n the [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] over the observat{{{(i)}}}on per{{{(i)}}}od; or
232 ** ({{{(i)}}}{{{(i)}}}) the average number of [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n the [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] exclud{{{(i)}}}ng per{{{(i)}}}ods of [[unemployment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Unemployment.WebHome]] or {{{(i)}}}nact{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n the long reference per{{{(i)}}}od.
233
234 (4) When based on household surveys, the best est{{{(i)}}}mates of [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] w{{{(i)}}}ll come from cont{{{(i)}}}nuous surveys that focus on the measurement of [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] and cover all the weeks {{{(i)}}}n the year. When the survey {{{(i)}}}s not cont{{{(i)}}}nuous, States should a{{{(i)}}}m at est{{{(i)}}}mat{{{(i)}}}ng the per{{{(i)}}}ods not covered and spread{{{(i)}}}ng the frequency of survey observat{{{(i)}}}on per{{{(i)}}}ods over the year, rather than expand{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od.
235
236 21. Other household-based data collect{{{(i)}}}on exerc{{{(i)}}}ses may be used to prov{{{(i)}}}de stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]].
237
238 (1) T{{{(i)}}}me-use surveys are able to produce good-qual{{{(i)}}}ty stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]], absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) hours and on the length and t{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}ng of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%)-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangements. They capture part{{{(i)}}}cularly well the [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n self-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] that are {{{(i)}}}rregular, atyp{{{(i)}}}cal, or carr{{{(i)}}}ed out together w{{{(i)}}}th household serv{{{(i)}}}ce (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}n the home. They may face the d{{{(i)}}}ff{{{(i)}}}culty of ass{{{(i)}}}gn{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me spent on s{{{(i)}}}multaneous act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es to a [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]], and of d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ngu{{{(i)}}}sh{{{(i)}}}ng pa{{{(i)}}}d act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es outs{{{(i)}}}de of the household. Th{{{(i)}}}s source can also be used to assess and compare the qual{{{(i)}}}ty of and adjust [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] measured by other survey {{{(i)}}}nstruments. T{{{(i)}}}meuse surveys as a data source may be constra{{{(i)}}}ned by the{{{(i)}}}r frequency (generally non-annual or {{{(i)}}}rregular), small sample s{{{(i)}}}ze, h{{{(i)}}}gh response burden and data comp{{{(i)}}}lat{{{(i)}}}on costs.
239
240 (2) The populat{{{(i)}}}on census {{{(i)}}}s able to prov{{{(i)}}}de stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] or hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) for [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n small geograph{{{(i)}}}c areas and for small populat{{{(i)}}}on groups. Census operat{{{(i)}}}ons may however not have the quest{{{(i)}}}onna{{{(i)}}}re space and {{{(i)}}}nterv{{{(i)}}}ew t{{{(i)}}}me requ{{{(i)}}}red to {{{(i)}}}ncorporate a set of quest{{{(i)}}}ons for each concept, for each day of the reference per{{{(i)}}}od and for each [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] or act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty. Where the census {{{(i)}}}s the only ava{{{(i)}}}lable data source {{{(i)}}}t may as a m{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}mum {{{(i)}}}ncorporate a s{{{(i)}}}ngle quest{{{(i)}}}on e{{{(i)}}}ther on [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] dur{{{(i)}}}ng a short per{{{(i)}}}od pr{{{(i)}}}or to the census reference date, or on hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%), for the ma{{{(i)}}}n [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]].
241
242 (3) M{{{(i)}}}xed household-enterpr{{{(i)}}}se surveys of the [[{{{(i)}}}nformal sector>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Informal sector.WebHome]] are able to prov{{{(i)}}}de stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] or hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) for an [[{{{(i)}}}nformal sector>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Informal sector.WebHome]] [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] for a short or long reference per{{{(i)}}}od. They use {{{(i)}}}nterv{{{(i)}}}ew techn{{{(i)}}}ques close to household-based survey {{{(i)}}}nterv{{{(i)}}}ews of self-[[employed persons>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Employment.WebHome]] to capture the [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] of {{{(i)}}}nformal [[employees>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]], many of whom are (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) {{{(i)}}}n pr{{{(i)}}}vate dwell{{{(i)}}}ngs. These m{{{(i)}}}xed surveys may be constra{{{(i)}}}ned by overall costs result{{{(i)}}}ng {{{(i)}}}n l{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}ted data qual{{{(i)}}}ty.
243
244 (4) Surveys of agr{{{(i)}}}cultural [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] and farm structure may collect stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) {{{(i)}}}n farm [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] for agr{{{(i)}}}cultural labourers and over a long reference per{{{(i)}}}od such as a year.
245
246 == Establ{{{(i)}}}shment-based surveys ==
247
248 22. (1) Establ{{{(i)}}}shment-based surveys are well su{{{(i)}}}ted to collect data:
249
250 * (a) On hours pa{{{(i)}}}d for, contractual hours, pa{{{(i)}}}d overt{{{(i)}}}me hours and absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) hours usually recorded to mon{{{(i)}}}tor ent{{{(i)}}}tlements to leave, and on formal{{{(i)}}}zed (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%)-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangements. They may also produce stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on normal hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) or [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]];
251 * (b) For all or a subset of pa{{{(i)}}}d-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n the establ{{{(i)}}}shment, or all or a subset of establ{{{(i)}}}shments;
252 * (c) For a reference per{{{(i)}}}od, such as a week, month, year or pay per{{{(i)}}}od;
253 * (d) For [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}dually, as averages for groups of [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] or for the establ{{{(i)}}}shment as a whole.
254
255 (2) Establ{{{(i)}}}shment-based surveys are less well su{{{(i)}}}ted to measure concepts wh{{{(i)}}}ch do not have an adm{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}strat{{{(i)}}}ve or regulatory base. The data from establ{{{(i)}}}shment-based surveys relate ma{{{(i)}}}nly to concepts l{{{(i)}}}nked to payments and [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] contracts and to certa{{{(i)}}}n types of formal (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%)-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangements.
256
257 (3) In order to reduce errors due to d{{{(i)}}}fferences {{{(i)}}}n payment and adm{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}strat{{{(i)}}}ve systems between establ{{{(i)}}}shments, {{{(i)}}}t {{{(i)}}}s recommended that the quest{{{(i)}}}onna{{{(i)}}}re obta{{{(i)}}}n {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on about the:
258
259 * (a) Payment pract{{{(i)}}}ces for part{{{(i)}}}cular (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%)-related act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es, {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng lunch breaks, commut{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me, preparat{{{(i)}}}on t{{{(i)}}}me ({{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng chang{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me), short breaks, absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) per{{{(i)}}}ods and overt{{{(i)}}}me;
260 * (b) Self-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] covered.
261
262 (4) [[Work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs from th{{{(i)}}}s type of source, even where the coverage of [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}s not complete, may be used to {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}cate changes.
263
264 (5) The contractual hours may be spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed {{{(i)}}}n groups of hours, as a percentage of normal hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) for full-t{{{(i)}}}me (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%), as full-t{{{(i)}}}me/part-[[t{{{(i)}}}me un{{{(i)}}}ts>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.T{{{(i)}}}me Un{{{(i)}}}t.WebHome]], or as the number of hours. Informat{{{(i)}}}on should be collected by components of non-contractual pa{{{(i)}}}d overt{{{(i)}}}me hours, absence hours not pa{{{(i)}}}d, and contractual hours, that w{{{(i)}}}ll allow the producers of stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs to perform qual{{{(i)}}}ty checks or to calculate hours pa{{{(i)}}}d for or [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]], {{{(i)}}}f establ{{{(i)}}}shments do not prov{{{(i)}}}de these d{{{(i)}}}rectly.
265
266 (6) If contractual hours or hours pa{{{(i)}}}d for are not collected spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}cally, other data could be used to der{{{(i)}}}ve them. An est{{{(i)}}}mate of total contractual hours may be obta{{{(i)}}}ned by mult{{{(i)}}}ply{{{(i)}}}ng the number of workers d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ngu{{{(i)}}}shed by full-t{{{(i)}}}me and by part-t{{{(i)}}}me hours and add{{{(i)}}}ng the two products. An est{{{(i)}}}mate of the total number of hours pa{{{(i)}}}d for may be obta{{{(i)}}}ned by mult{{{(i)}}}ply{{{(i)}}}ng the number of workers by the{{{(i)}}}r [[wage rates>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Wage rates.WebHome]] and d{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}d{{{(i)}}}ng the total [[wage>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Earn{{{(i)}}}ngs.WebHome]] b{{{(i)}}}ll by th{{{(i)}}}s product.
267
268 == Adm{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}strat{{{(i)}}}ve reg{{{(i)}}}sters ==
269
270 23. (1) Adm{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}strat{{{(i)}}}ve reg{{{(i)}}}sters are useful to prov{{{(i)}}}de {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on:
271
272 * (a) On contractual hours, hours pa{{{(i)}}}d for, pa{{{(i)}}}d absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) hours, and normal hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng leave ent{{{(i)}}}tlements;
273 * (b) For [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] and persons covered;
274 * (c) For long reference per{{{(i)}}}ods, such as a month, quarter or year.
275
276 (2) Data from adm{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}strat{{{(i)}}}ve reg{{{(i)}}}sters may come from records of soc{{{(i)}}}al secur{{{(i)}}}ty {{{(i)}}}nst{{{(i)}}}tut{{{(i)}}}ons and labour {{{(i)}}}nspectorates, or from collect{{{(i)}}}ve agreement records or leg{{{(i)}}}slat{{{(i)}}}on. Depend{{{(i)}}}ng on nat{{{(i)}}}onal c{{{(i)}}}rcumstances, records of {{{(i)}}}ncome or tax reg{{{(i)}}}sters on {{{(i)}}}ncome from pa{{{(i)}}}d and selfemployment can also be used w{{{(i)}}}th other {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on to calculate hours pa{{{(i)}}}d for and certa{{{(i)}}}n pa{{{(i)}}}d absence hours.
277
278 (3) Data from adm{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}strat{{{(i)}}}ve records are generally useful to ver{{{(i)}}}fy and may correct, or adjust data from, establ{{{(i)}}}shment or household-based surveys to obta{{{(i)}}}n est{{{(i)}}}mates of [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] and absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) hours due to {{{(i)}}}llness, matern{{{(i)}}}ty, occupat{{{(i)}}}onal {{{(i)}}}njur{{{(i)}}}es, and str{{{(i)}}}kes and lockouts.
279
280 (4) Reg{{{(i)}}}sters of {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on for f{{{(i)}}}lled [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] usually conta{{{(i)}}}n more [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] data than for [[job vacanc{{{(i)}}}es>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Job Vacancy.WebHome]] or [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] sought.
281
282 = Der{{{(i)}}}ved measures =
283
284 == Total hours actually worked ==
285
286 24. (1) Total [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}s the aggregate number of [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] by all persons {{{(i)}}}n all [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] for requ{{{(i)}}}red groups (such as econom{{{(i)}}}c sector or geograph{{{(i)}}}cal reg{{{(i)}}}on, and //w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n or beyond the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary//) dur{{{(i)}}}ng a spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed reference per{{{(i)}}}od.
287
288 (2) Total [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}s also known as the volume of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) or labour {{{(i)}}}nput, and refers to all [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n the State. The reference per{{{(i)}}}od may be short or long.
289
290 (3) Total product{{{(i)}}}on d{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ded by total [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] produces labour product{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}cators. Total [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] should have the same coverage of [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] and use the same reference per{{{(i)}}}od as the measurement of product{{{(i)}}}on, normally def{{{(i)}}}ned as //w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary//.
291
292 (4) Total [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}s useful to construct many other labour related soc{{{(i)}}}al and econom{{{(i)}}}c {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}cators. Such {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}cators may requ{{{(i)}}}re that the total [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] be d{{{(i)}}}str{{{(i)}}}buted by character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]], establ{{{(i)}}}shments and persons.
293
294 25. (1) Cont{{{(i)}}}nuous household-based surveys can produce est{{{(i)}}}mates of total [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] for a long reference per{{{(i)}}}od, based on observat{{{(i)}}}ons for all weeks {{{(i)}}}n the per{{{(i)}}}od. Obta{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}ng est{{{(i)}}}mates of the [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] throughout the per{{{(i)}}}od and adjust{{{(i)}}}ng for days not {{{(i)}}}ncluded where relevant, produces total [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] for the long reference per{{{(i)}}}od.
295
296 (2) In a non-cont{{{(i)}}}nuous survey, target{{{(i)}}}ng the des{{{(i)}}}red reference per{{{(i)}}}od {{{(i)}}}mpl{{{(i)}}}es extrapolat{{{(i)}}}on to per{{{(i)}}}ods not d{{{(i)}}}rectly covered. If the survey {{{(i)}}}s not repeated w{{{(i)}}}th suff{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}ent frequency and the reference week {{{(i)}}}s chosen to avo{{{(i)}}}d spec{{{(i)}}}al weeks (conta{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}ng publ{{{(i)}}}c hol{{{(i)}}}days, etc.), adjustments should be made to take account of poss{{{(i)}}}ble calendar effects, [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] regulat{{{(i)}}}ons and [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on from other sources.
297
298 (3) When the household-based survey only collects hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%), the measure of total [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] w{{{(i)}}}ll be the number of hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) add{{{(i)}}}ng any {{{(i)}}}rregular overt{{{(i)}}}me hours and subtract{{{(i)}}}ng all {{{(i)}}}rregular absence hours.
299
300 (4) For the purpose of est{{{(i)}}}mat{{{(i)}}}ng labour product{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty for a long reference per{{{(i)}}}od, household survey-based est{{{(i)}}}mates of [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] need to be supplemented w{{{(i)}}}th est{{{(i)}}}mates for [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] not covered {{{(i)}}}n the survey (such as [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] held by persons l{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ng {{{(i)}}}n collect{{{(i)}}}ve households or {{{(i)}}}n a fore{{{(i)}}}gn State). The [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n econom{{{(i)}}}c un{{{(i)}}}ts outs{{{(i)}}}de the State held by persons l{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ng {{{(i)}}}ns{{{(i)}}}de the State need to be excluded.
301
302 26. (1) Comp{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ng total [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] from establ{{{(i)}}}shment-based surveys w{{{(i)}}}ll generally start from hours pa{{{(i)}}}d for, or from contractual hours or hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) that must be transformed {{{(i)}}}nto [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]]. The computat{{{(i)}}}ons w{{{(i)}}}ll depend on the data elements ava{{{(i)}}}lable:
303
304 * (a) Total [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}s equal to hours pa{{{(i)}}}d for plus unpa{{{(i)}}}d overt{{{(i)}}}me hours m{{{(i)}}}nus pa{{{(i)}}}d absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) hours;
305 * (b) Total [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}s equal to contractual hours plus non-contractual overt{{{(i)}}}me hours m{{{(i)}}}nus absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) hours.
306
307 (2) Care must be taken to cover the long reference per{{{(i)}}}od and the total populat{{{(i)}}}on by repeated or cont{{{(i)}}}nued observat{{{(i)}}}ons or adjust{{{(i)}}}ng for any m{{{(i)}}}ss{{{(i)}}}ng per{{{(i)}}}ods; and {{{(i)}}}ncorporat{{{(i)}}}ng est{{{(i)}}}mates of the [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] of self-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] or of [[employees>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n out-of-scope un{{{(i)}}}ts, such as small establ{{{(i)}}}shments, agr{{{(i)}}}cultural or {{{(i)}}}nformal un{{{(i)}}}ts, as well as for household serv{{{(i)}}}ce and [[volunteer work>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Volunteer Work.WebHome]].
308
309 == Average annual hours actually worked ==
310
311 27. (1) Average annual [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] are the total [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] dur{{{(i)}}}ng a year relat{{{(i)}}}ve to a reference denom{{{(i)}}}nator, depend{{{(i)}}}ng on the measurement purpose and ava{{{(i)}}}lable data sources. The numerator and denom{{{(i)}}}nator should be cons{{{(i)}}}stent, where poss{{{(i)}}}ble. The denom{{{(i)}}}nator may be:
312
313 * (a) The average number of [[persons {{{(i)}}}n employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Employment.WebHome]] (whether at (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) or not at (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%)) per week over the year;
314 * (b) The average number of [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] over the year that corresponds to the total [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]];
315 * (c) The average populat{{{(i)}}}on s{{{(i)}}}ze over the year.
316
317 = Tabulat{{{(i)}}}on of data and analys{{{(i)}}}s =
318
319 28. (1) Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] can be tabulated to serve a number of d{{{(i)}}}fferent descr{{{(i)}}}pt{{{(i)}}}ve and analyt{{{(i)}}}cal purposes, and //w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n or beyond the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary//, depend{{{(i)}}}ng on nat{{{(i)}}}onal c{{{(i)}}}rcumstances and pr{{{(i)}}}or{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es.
320
321 (2) Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on the [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]], the hours pa{{{(i)}}}d for, the contractual hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) and the hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) may relate to (a) the number of [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] or persons by d{{{(i)}}}fferent hour bands, as well as to (b) the average hours per [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]], person or econom{{{(i)}}}c un{{{(i)}}}t, dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od. The hour bands should allow presentat{{{(i)}}}on by spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}c hour thresholds st{{{(i)}}}pulated {{{(i)}}}n nat{{{(i)}}}onal laws or regulat{{{(i)}}}ons. The average hours per person should cover the hours {{{(i)}}}n all [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] held dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od.
322
323 (3) Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on the normal hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) may relate to the number of [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] or [[persons {{{(i)}}}n employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Employment.WebHome]] pract{{{(i)}}}s{{{(i)}}}ng d{{{(i)}}}fferent levels of hours.
324
325 (4) Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on overt{{{(i)}}}me hours may relate to:
326
327 * (a) The number of [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]], persons or econom{{{(i)}}}c un{{{(i)}}}ts exper{{{(i)}}}enc{{{(i)}}}ng overt{{{(i)}}}me;
328 * (b) The average overt{{{(i)}}}me hours per [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]], person or econom{{{(i)}}}c un{{{(i)}}}t dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od.
329
330 (5) Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) hours may relate to:
331
332 * (a) The number of [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]], persons or econom{{{(i)}}}c un{{{(i)}}}ts exper{{{(i)}}}enc{{{(i)}}}ng an absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od, by type of absence;
333 * (b) The average durat{{{(i)}}}on of absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) hours per [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]], person or econom{{{(i)}}}c un{{{(i)}}}t dur{{{(i)}}}ng the reference per{{{(i)}}}od, by type of absence;
334 * (c) The average elapsed durat{{{(i)}}}on of absence from (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) up unt{{{(i)}}}l the reference per{{{(i)}}}od per [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]], person or econom{{{(i)}}}c un{{{(i)}}}t.
335
336 (6) Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%)-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangements may relate to:
337
338 * (a) The number of [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]], persons or econom{{{(i)}}}c un{{{(i)}}}ts pract{{{(i)}}}s{{{(i)}}}ng relevant formal{{{(i)}}}zed work{{{(i)}}}ngt{{{(i)}}}me arrangements, by type of arrangement;
339 * (B) The number of [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]], persons or econom{{{(i)}}}c un{{{(i)}}}ts exper{{{(i)}}}enc{{{(i)}}}ng var{{{(i)}}}ous types of lengths, t{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}ng and schedul{{{(i)}}}ng of [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]].
340
341 29. For the calculat{{{(i)}}}on of average [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] per week, States that do not calculate them by d{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}d{{{(i)}}}ng the annual [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] by the total number of weeks {{{(i)}}}n the year should spec{{{(i)}}}fy whether they relate to average [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]]:
342
343 * (a) Per [[employed person>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Employment.WebHome]] “at (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%)” dur{{{(i)}}}ng one or more reference per{{{(i)}}}ods dur{{{(i)}}}ng the year;
344 * (b) Per [[employed person>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Employment.WebHome]] dur{{{(i)}}}ng one or more reference per{{{(i)}}}ods dur{{{(i)}}}ng the year;
345 * (c) Per [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] dur{{{(i)}}}ng one or more reference per{{{(i)}}}ods dur{{{(i)}}}ng the year;
346 * (d) Any other calculat{{{(i)}}}on.
347
348 30. (1) For the computat{{{(i)}}}on of sectoral product{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty, stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on total [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] need to be class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed by {{{(i)}}}ndustry or sector, and {{{(i)}}}n a manner that {{{(i)}}}s cons{{{(i)}}}stent w{{{(i)}}}th product{{{(i)}}}on stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs.
349
350 (2) For labour market analys{{{(i)}}}s, stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] should be presented at least by sex and {{{(i)}}}n respect of status {{{(i)}}}n [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]], spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed age groups and level of educat{{{(i)}}}on. Tabulat{{{(i)}}}ons and analys{{{(i)}}}s may {{{(i)}}}nclude other s{{{(i)}}}gn{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}cant demograph{{{(i)}}}c, soc{{{(i)}}}al and econom{{{(i)}}}c character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs {{{(i)}}}mportant for users as well as appropr{{{(i)}}}ate cross-class{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}cat{{{(i)}}}ons, such as by occupat{{{(i)}}}onal group, {{{(i)}}}nst{{{(i)}}}tut{{{(i)}}}onal sector, branch of econom{{{(i)}}}c act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty, and, where relevant, by formal/[[{{{(i)}}}nformal sector>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Informal sector.WebHome]] (or formal/[[{{{(i)}}}nformal employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Informal employment.WebHome]]).
351
352 (3) To br{{{(i)}}}ng to l{{{(i)}}}ght gender just{{{(i)}}}ce and reconc{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}at{{{(i)}}}on of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) and fam{{{(i)}}}ly l{{{(i)}}}fe, {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng for publ{{{(i)}}}c pol{{{(i)}}}cy purposes, {{{(i)}}}t {{{(i)}}}s essent{{{(i)}}}al to class{{{(i)}}}fy [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]], {{{(i)}}}n add{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}on to sex, by var{{{(i)}}}ables such as mar{{{(i)}}}tal status, presence of dependent or accompany{{{(i)}}}ng persons (young ch{{{(i)}}}ldren, the elderly and others requ{{{(i)}}}r{{{(i)}}}ng care) and the [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] of other/all household members.
353
354 (4) [[Work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs of persons {{{(i)}}}s the sum of the hours {{{(i)}}}n all [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}n a reference per{{{(i)}}}od; to class{{{(i)}}}fy these hours {{{(i)}}}n relat{{{(i)}}}on to a [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] or econom{{{(i)}}}c un{{{(i)}}}t, the character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs should refer to the ma{{{(i)}}}n [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]]. For [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs {{{(i)}}}t {{{(i)}}}s preferable to def{{{(i)}}}ne ma{{{(i)}}}n [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] as the [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] hav{{{(i)}}}ng the longest [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] (preferably as measured through contractual hours or, when not ava{{{(i)}}}lable, the hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%)).
355
356 31. In order to analyse changes {{{(i)}}}n [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] over t{{{(i)}}}me and across States, {{{(i)}}}t may be useful to produce {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}ces {{{(i)}}}n add{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}on to level est{{{(i)}}}mates. In th{{{(i)}}}s case, {{{(i)}}}t {{{(i)}}}s {{{(i)}}}mportant that prec{{{(i)}}}se {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on about the stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal sources and methods of calculat{{{(i)}}}on used to produce these complex est{{{(i)}}}mates accompany the d{{{(i)}}}ssem{{{(i)}}}nated results.
357
358 32. All stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] and accompany{{{(i)}}}ng methodolog{{{(i)}}}cal {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on should be comp{{{(i)}}}led, made ava{{{(i)}}}lable for all users, and produced {{{(i)}}}n l{{{(i)}}}ne w{{{(i)}}}th the need for conf{{{(i)}}}dent{{{(i)}}}al{{{(i)}}}ty of persons and establ{{{(i)}}}shments, and the requ{{{(i)}}}rement of proper documentat{{{(i)}}}on. As much as poss{{{(i)}}}ble, publ{{{(i)}}}c-use f{{{(i)}}}les (anonym{{{(i)}}}zed, conf{{{(i)}}}dent{{{(i)}}}al{{{(i)}}}zed m{{{(i)}}}cro data sets) should be made ava{{{(i)}}}lable to analysts and other {{{(i)}}}nterested users.
359
360 = Internat{{{(i)}}}onal report{{{(i)}}}ng =
361
362 33. (1) For {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal report{{{(i)}}}ng of [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs, States should endeavour to report at least //(w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary)//:
363
364 * (a) Total [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] on an annual bas{{{(i)}}}s; and
365 * (b) Average annual [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] per [[person {{{(i)}}}n employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Persons {{{(i)}}}n Employment.WebHome]] ({{{(i)}}}n all [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]]); or
366 * (c) Where the above are not poss{{{(i)}}}ble, then the average [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] per week.
367
368 (2) States measur{{{(i)}}}ng [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] //beyond the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary// should comp{{{(i)}}}le and report the stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs {{{(i)}}}n such a way that {{{(i)}}}t {{{(i)}}}s poss{{{(i)}}}ble to d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ngu{{{(i)}}}sh them from [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs for act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es //w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary//.
369
370 (3) For {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal compar{{{(i)}}}sons the der{{{(i)}}}ved measures should be d{{{(i)}}}saggregated by sex so as to enable analyses from the gender perspect{{{(i)}}}ve, as well as status {{{(i)}}}n [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]]. Where poss{{{(i)}}}ble these der{{{(i)}}}ved measures should also be d{{{(i)}}}saggregated by age, {{{(i)}}}ndustry or {{{(i)}}}nst{{{(i)}}}tut{{{(i)}}}onal sector. Other var{{{(i)}}}ables of {{{(i)}}}nterest are level of educat{{{(i)}}}on, occupat{{{(i)}}}on, (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%)-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangements and formal/[[{{{(i)}}}nformal sector>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Informal sector.WebHome]] or [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]].
371
372 34. States may also be {{{(i)}}}n a pos{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}on to report stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on:
373
374 (1) The average weekly contractual hours or average weekly hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%);
375
376 (2) The number of [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] or persons by bands of [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] or hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) per week. For stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on the number of [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] or persons (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) d{{{(i)}}}fferent hour bands, data should be collected so that {{{(i)}}}t may be reported accord{{{(i)}}}ng to certa{{{(i)}}}n hour bands. These hour bands may be of four or f{{{(i)}}}ve hours, and {{{(i)}}}n all cases should {{{(i)}}}nclude the follow{{{(i)}}}ng:
377
378 * (a) Less than 15 hours;
379 * (b) 40 hours;
380 * (c) Up to and {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng 48 hours;
381 * (d) 60 hours or more.
382
383 (3) The number of persons exper{{{(i)}}}enc{{{(i)}}}ng an absence, and by type of absence that should d{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ngu{{{(i)}}}sh at least the follow{{{(i)}}}ng groups of reasons for absence:
384
385 * (a) Annual leave (w{{{(i)}}}th forced annual leave separately {{{(i)}}}dent{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed, {{{(i)}}}f poss{{{(i)}}}ble), hol{{{(i)}}}days and compensat{{{(i)}}}on leave;
386 * (b) Illness and {{{(i)}}}njury ({{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng occupat{{{(i)}}}onal {{{(i)}}}njur{{{(i)}}}es separately {{{(i)}}}dent{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed, {{{(i)}}}f poss{{{(i)}}}ble);
387 * (c) Matern{{{(i)}}}ty/patern{{{(i)}}}ty/parental and care leave;
388 * (d) Str{{{(i)}}}kes and lock-outs.
389 * (e) Other reasons.
390
391 35. In order to enhance the transparency and comparab{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty of all [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs reported {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onally, States are urged to comp{{{(i)}}}le and d{{{(i)}}}ssem{{{(i)}}}nate the requ{{{(i)}}}s{{{(i)}}}te {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on on nat{{{(i)}}}onal concepts, def{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ons and methodology and any departures from the recommendat{{{(i)}}}ons of th{{{(i)}}}s resolut{{{(i)}}}on. States should, therefore, des{{{(i)}}}gn the{{{(i)}}}r data collect{{{(i)}}}on and process{{{(i)}}}ng procedures to enable them to fully document:
392
393 * (a) D{{{(i)}}}fferences between the {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal and nat{{{(i)}}}onal stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal def{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ons of [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]], where relevant;
394 * (b) D{{{(i)}}}fferences between the nat{{{(i)}}}onal stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal def{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ons compared w{{{(i)}}}th legal and adm{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}strat{{{(i)}}}ve def{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}ons {{{(i)}}}n the State;
395 * (c) Adjustments performed to arr{{{(i)}}}ve at est{{{(i)}}}mates that correspond to the analyt{{{(i)}}}cal and {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cal concepts and, {{{(i)}}}n part{{{(i)}}}cular, {{{(i)}}}nqu{{{(i)}}}r{{{(i)}}}es undertaken from t{{{(i)}}}me to t{{{(i)}}}me to determ{{{(i)}}}ne for each {{{(i)}}}ndustry the rat{{{(i)}}}o between the number of [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] and the number of hours pa{{{(i)}}}d for (def{{{(i)}}}ned {{{(i)}}}n paragraphs 11 and 12).
396
397 36. All reported stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs on [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] and accompany{{{(i)}}}ng methodolog{{{(i)}}}cal {{{(i)}}}nformat{{{(i)}}}on should be comp{{{(i)}}}led and produced {{{(i)}}}n l{{{(i)}}}ne w{{{(i)}}}th the need for conf{{{(i)}}}dent{{{(i)}}}al{{{(i)}}}ty of persons and establ{{{(i)}}}shments, and the requ{{{(i)}}}rement of proper documentat{{{(i)}}}on and ava{{{(i)}}}lab{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty for all users, {{{(i)}}}n accordance w{{{(i)}}}th the Un{{{(i)}}}ted Nat{{{(i)}}}ons Fundamental Pr{{{(i)}}}nc{{{(i)}}}ples of Off{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}al Stat{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs.
398
399 = Future work =
400
401 37. The ILO should prov{{{(i)}}}de for the t{{{(i)}}}mely updat{{{(i)}}}ng of the annex to th{{{(i)}}}s resolut{{{(i)}}}on, and prepare a techn{{{(i)}}}cal manual to present best pract{{{(i)}}}ces {{{(i)}}}n the measurement of [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]].
402
403 38. Regard{{{(i)}}}ng the measurement of [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] for [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] //w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n and beyond the SNA product{{{(i)}}}on boundary//, the ILO should conduct a rev{{{(i)}}}ew, w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n a decade, of nat{{{(i)}}}onal capac{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}es to {{{(i)}}}mplement the scope of th{{{(i)}}}s Resolut{{{(i)}}}on and assess the {{{(i)}}}mpl{{{(i)}}}cat{{{(i)}}}ons of the f{{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}ngs on future (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) {{{(i)}}}n th{{{(i)}}}s area.
404
405 = Annex =
406
407 == Work{{{(i)}}}ng-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangements ==
408
409 ~1. (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)Work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%)-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangement {{{(i)}}}s the term to descr{{{(i)}}}be measurable character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs that refer to the organ{{{(i)}}}zat{{{(i)}}}on (length and t{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}ng) and schedul{{{(i)}}}ng (stab{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty or flex{{{(i)}}}b{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty) of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) and non-(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) per{{{(i)}}}ods for all [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] as def{{{(i)}}}ned {{{(i)}}}n paragraph 18 of th{{{(i)}}}s resolut{{{(i)}}}on. These character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs also apply to ad hoc as well as unusual arrangements. Mult{{{(i)}}}ple character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs (such as a part-t{{{(i)}}}me, flex{{{(i)}}}ble sh{{{(i)}}}ft schedule) may apply as they are not mutually exclus{{{(i)}}}ve.
410
411 2. Spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}c (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%)-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangements def{{{(i)}}}ned for d{{{(i)}}}fferent comb{{{(i)}}}nat{{{(i)}}}ons of these character{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}cs ex{{{(i)}}}st {{{(i)}}}n States and are referred to as formal{{{(i)}}}zed (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%)-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangements. These are based on laws and regulat{{{(i)}}}ons, collect{{{(i)}}}ve agreements or arb{{{(i)}}}tral awards and formal{{{(i)}}}zed {{{(i)}}}n wr{{{(i)}}}tten [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] contracts and/or pract{{{(i)}}}sed {{{(i)}}}mpl{{{(i)}}}c{{{(i)}}}tly {{{(i)}}}n establ{{{(i)}}}shments by persons {{{(i)}}}n pa{{{(i)}}}d-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]]. Certa{{{(i)}}}n types of formal{{{(i)}}}zed arrangements (such as part-t{{{(i)}}}me (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%)) are also pract{{{(i)}}}sed {{{(i)}}}n self-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]].
412
413 3. The elements of the typology of formal{{{(i)}}}zed (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%)-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangements presented {{{(i)}}}n th{{{(i)}}}s Annex may serve as a tool for consultat{{{(i)}}}on, {{{(i)}}}n part{{{(i)}}}cular for purposes of compar{{{(i)}}}son at the {{{(i)}}}nternat{{{(i)}}}onal level.
414
415 == Organ{{{(i)}}}zat{{{(i)}}}on (length and t{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}ng) ==
416
417 4. (1) //Annual{{{(i)}}}zed or mensual{{{(i)}}}zed hours arrangements//, character{{{(i)}}}zed by var{{{(i)}}}at{{{(i)}}}ons {{{(i)}}}n da{{{(i)}}}ly, weekly and monthly [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n a weekly or monthly average or an annual total, w{{{(i)}}}thout any requ{{{(i)}}}rement that the employer pay overt{{{(i)}}}me rates as long as [[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]] stay below an agreed max{{{(i)}}}mum {{{(i)}}}n the spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed per{{{(i)}}}od. Under the annual{{{(i)}}}zed/mensual{{{(i)}}}zed hours contract, the d{{{(i)}}}str{{{(i)}}}but{{{(i)}}}on of the number of hours over the month or throughout the year {{{(i)}}}s generally determ{{{(i)}}}ned {{{(i)}}}n advance by the employer, depend{{{(i)}}}ng on product{{{(i)}}}on or serv{{{(i)}}}ce needs; but [[employees>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employees.WebHome]] may be allowed to negot{{{(i)}}}ate the length of the{{{(i)}}}r da{{{(i)}}}ly and weekly hours, so long as output targets can be met.
418
419 (2) //Compressed (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) week arrangements//, character{{{(i)}}}zed by organ{{{(i)}}}z{{{(i)}}}ng the [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] over fewer days than what {{{(i)}}}s cons{{{(i)}}}dered the normal or standard (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) week.
420
421 (3) //F{{{(i)}}}xed (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) arrangements//, character{{{(i)}}}zed by set start{{{(i)}}}ng and f{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}sh{{{(i)}}}ng hours or core hours for {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}duals or groups of persons {{{(i)}}}n pa{{{(i)}}}d [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] or for persons {{{(i)}}}n self-[[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]].
422
423 (4) //[[Job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]]-shar{{{(i)}}}ng arrangements//, character{{{(i)}}}zed by the f{{{(i)}}}ll{{{(i)}}}ng of an ex{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ng full-t{{{(i)}}}me pos{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}on by two or more persons ({{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng trans{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}onal arrangements), each (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) part t{{{(i)}}}me, poss{{{(i)}}}bly w{{{(i)}}}th d{{{(i)}}}fferent arrangements, on an ongo{{{(i)}}}ng, regular bas{{{(i)}}}s.
424
425 (5) //M{{{(i)}}}n–max arrangements//, character{{{(i)}}}zed by a var{{{(i)}}}able number of //[[hours actually worked>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Hours Actually Worked.WebHome]]// and pa{{{(i)}}}d for, depend{{{(i)}}}ng on product{{{(i)}}}on or serv{{{(i)}}}ce needs, but w{{{(i)}}}th a guarantee of a m{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}mum and max{{{(i)}}}mum number of hours to be (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) per reference per{{{(i)}}}od.
426
427 (6) //Part-t{{{(i)}}}me (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) arrangements//, character{{{(i)}}}zed by a voluntary or {{{(i)}}}nvoluntary reduct{{{(i)}}}on of hours or a [[job>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]] that reduces contractual hours or hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%), wh{{{(i)}}}ch are less than those of comparable full-t{{{(i)}}}me (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) ({{{(i)}}}n the same {{{(i)}}}ndustry or occupat{{{(i)}}}on) recogn{{{(i)}}}zed {{{(i)}}}n the Part-T{{{(i)}}}me (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)Work(%%) Convent{{{(i)}}}on, 1994 (No. 175).
428
429 (7) //Regular overt{{{(i)}}}me hours arrangements//, character{{{(i)}}}zed by hours (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) {{{(i)}}}n add{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}on to the contractual or hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) and that are compensated by the employer for pa{{{(i)}}}demployment [[jobs>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work Act{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}ty.WebHome]].
430
431 (8) //Staggered and block (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) arrangements// (also known as start and end of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) day), character{{{(i)}}}zed by establ{{{(i)}}}shed d{{{(i)}}}fferent start{{{(i)}}}ng and f{{{(i)}}}n{{{(i)}}}sh{{{(i)}}}ng hours around compulsory core hours, for {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}duals or groups of persons {{{(i)}}}n pa{{{(i)}}}d [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]], {{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng spl{{{(i)}}}t sh{{{(i)}}}ft (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) cons{{{(i)}}}st{{{(i)}}}ng of mult{{{(i)}}}ple (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) per{{{(i)}}}ods on the same day.
432
433 (9) //T{{{(i)}}}me-sav{{{(i)}}}ng account arrangements//, character{{{(i)}}}zed by hours (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) {{{(i)}}}n add{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}on to the contractual or hours usually (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) w{{{(i)}}}th the understand{{{(i)}}}ng that the persons w{{{(i)}}}ll be able to take, for example, early ret{{{(i)}}}rement.
434
435 (10) //[[Work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] bank{{{(i)}}}ng arrangements//, character{{{(i)}}}zed by the poss{{{(i)}}}b{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty of accumulat{{{(i)}}}ng hours, wh{{{(i)}}}ch can be taken off as extended leave {{{(i)}}}n a subsequent per{{{(i)}}}od or used to reduce the total overall l{{{(i)}}}fespan of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%).
436
437 (11) //Comb{{{(i)}}}ned extended (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) and leave per{{{(i)}}}ods//, character{{{(i)}}}zed by a number of weeks on, at spec{{{(i)}}}al (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) s{{{(i)}}}tes (remote areas, on board sh{{{(i)}}}ps, o{{{(i)}}}l platforms at sea, etc.) and a number of weeks off (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%).
438
439 == Schedul{{{(i)}}}ng (stab{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty or flex{{{(i)}}}b{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty) ==
440
441 5. (1) //Flex{{{(i)}}}ble (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%)-t{{{(i)}}}me arrangements//, character{{{(i)}}}zed by poss{{{(i)}}}ble da{{{(i)}}}ly and weekly [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] scheduled outs{{{(i)}}}de core hours when presence at the place of [[employment>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Employment Work.WebHome]] {{{(i)}}}s compulsory. Hours (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)worked(%%) {{{(i)}}}n add{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}on to contractual hours of (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) for the week (pay per{{{(i)}}}od or month) may be taken as leave dur{{{(i)}}}ng subsequent weeks or months, often w{{{(i)}}}th{{{(i)}}}n a deadl{{{(i)}}}ne and up to a max{{{(i)}}}mum number of hours.
442
443 (2) //Own (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work{{{(i)}}}ng(%%) schedule//, character{{{(i)}}}zed by the poss{{{(i)}}}b{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty of schedul{{{(i)}}}ng one’s da{{{(i)}}}ly and weekly hours and presence at the (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) locat{{{(i)}}}on.
444
445 (3) //On-call (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%), zero hours or “as and when requ{{{(i)}}}red” arrangements//, character{{{(i)}}}zed by no f{{{(i)}}}xed schedule of contractual hours, but a requ{{{(i)}}}rement that persons be ava{{{(i)}}}lable to (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) when called w{{{(i)}}}th a spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed not{{{(i)}}}ce per{{{(i)}}}od, for as many hours as the employer requ{{{(i)}}}res up to legally spec{{{(i)}}}f{{{(i)}}}ed or contractual l{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}ts.
446
447 (4) //Sh{{{(i)}}}ft-(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) arrangements//, character{{{(i)}}}zed by success{{{(i)}}}ve da{{{(i)}}}ly (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) per{{{(i)}}}ods {{{(i)}}}nvolv{{{(i)}}}ng teams of persons, known as sh{{{(i)}}}fts. Sh{{{(i)}}}fts enable the establ{{{(i)}}}shment to max{{{(i)}}}m{{{(i)}}}ze use of equ{{{(i)}}}pment and ensure operat{{{(i)}}}ons for per{{{(i)}}}ods longer than the [[work{{{(i)}}}ng t{{{(i)}}}me>>doc:work{{{(i)}}}ng:Glossary.Work{{{(i)}}}ng T{{{(i)}}}me.WebHome]] of {{{(i)}}}nd{{{(i)}}}v{{{(i)}}}duals. Sh{{{(i)}}}fts may be organ{{{(i)}}}sed as morn{{{(i)}}}ng, even{{{(i)}}}ng, n{{{(i)}}}ght or weekend sh{{{(i)}}}fts. Sh{{{(i)}}}fts may be constant, alternate w{{{(i)}}}th d{{{(i)}}}fferent types of sh{{{(i)}}}ft on a weekly or fortn{{{(i)}}}ghtly bas{{{(i)}}}s ({{{(i)}}}nclud{{{(i)}}}ng certa{{{(i)}}}n free days).
448
449 (5) //Sh{{{(i)}}}ft-change (% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) arrangements//, character{{{(i)}}}zed as //sh{{{(i)}}}ft-(% style="color:#e74c3c" %)work(%%) arrangements// w{{{(i)}}}th the add{{{(i)}}}t{{{(i)}}}onal feature that persons may trade the{{{(i)}}}r sh{{{(i)}}}fts w{{{(i)}}}th other workers pract{{{(i)}}}s{{{(i)}}}ng the same arrangement.
450
451 (6) //Absence-leave schedul{{{(i)}}}ng,// character{{{(i)}}}sed by the cho{{{(i)}}}ce, control or {{{(i)}}}nfluence of persons over per{{{(i)}}}ods of absence and leave and the extent to wh{{{(i)}}}ch th{{{(i)}}}s schedul{{{(i)}}}ng {{{(i)}}}s agreed, {{{(i)}}}mposed or chosen, the pred{{{(i)}}}ctab{{{(i)}}}l{{{(i)}}}ty of per{{{(i)}}}ods (as a result of advance not{{{(i)}}}ce, d{{{(i)}}}scuss{{{(i)}}}on or consensus between part{{{(i)}}}es) and the durat{{{(i)}}}on of the per{{{(i)}}}od over wh{{{(i)}}}ch the schedul{{{(i)}}}ng refers.